There are n urns marked $1, 2, …, n$ respectively, with each of the $n$ urns containing 4 white and 6 black balls. There is another urn, marked $(n+1)$ containing $5$ white and $5$ black balls. An urn is chosen at random from the $(n+1)$ urns, and two balls are drawn at random from that urn, both being black. The probability that $5$ white and $3$ black balls are left in the chosen urn is $1/7$. Determine that value of n.
I know I'm supposed to use Bayes' Rule to it, but I'm not sure how to categorize the events.
Best Answer
Given that there are total $n+1$ bags of which first $n$ bags contain $4W + 6B$
First we find the total probability of drawing $2$ black balls.
Probability of choosing each of the first $n$ bags = $\dfrac{1}{{n + 1}}$
So Total probability of drawing $2$ black balls = Drawing 2 black from first $n$ bags + Drawing 2 black balls from the last bag = $\dfrac{n}{{n + 1}}\left( {\dfrac{{{}^6{C_2}}}{{{}^{10}{C_2}}}} \right)$ + $\dfrac{1}{{n + 1}}\left( {\dfrac{{{}^5{C_2}}}{{{}^{10}{C_2}}}} \right)$
To leave $5W + 3B$ in a bag, we have to draw from the last bag. So Probability of drawing $2$ black balls from the last bag = $\dfrac{1}{{n + 1}}\left( {\dfrac{{{}^5{C_2}}}{{{}^{10}{C_2}}}} \right)$
Given that, $\dfrac{{\dfrac{1}{{n + 1}}\left( {\dfrac{{{}^5{C_2}}}{{{}^{10}{C_2}}}} \right)}}{{\dfrac{n}{{n + 1}}\left( {\dfrac{{{}^6{C_2}}}{{{}^{10}{C_2}}}} \right) + \dfrac{1}{{n + 1}}\left( {\dfrac{{{}^5{C_2}}}{{{}^{10}{C_2}}}} \right)}} = \dfrac{1}{7}$
Solving $n = 4$