[Math] the relation between Neighbourhood of a point,Interior point and open set

general-topologyreal-analysis

I want to know what is the relation between of Neighbourhood of a point,Interior point and open set?

Definition: A set $N \subset \mathbb{R}$ is called the $\textbf{neighbourhood}$ of a point a, if there exists an interval I containing a and contained in N, i.e ,$$a\in I \subset N $$.

Definition: A point x is an interior point of a set S if S is a nbd of x. In other words, x is an interior point of S if $\exists $ an open interval $(a,b)$ containing x and contained in S , i.e., $$x\in(a,b)\subseteq S$$.

Definition: A set S is said to be open if it is a nbd of each of its point, i.e, $x\in S$, there exists an open interval $I_x$ such that $$mx \in I_x \subseteq S $$.

Best Answer

Intuitively:

  • A neighbourhood of a point is a set that surrounds that point. That is, if you move a sufficiently small (but non-zero) amount away from that point, you won't leave the set.

  • An interior point of a set is a point that is surrounded by the set. Note that this is really the same relation, only the subject has changed.

  • An open set is one which surrounds all its points. That is, wherever you are in that set, a sufficiently small move will not get you out.

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