[Math] Splitting the square root of complex function into real and imaginary parts

complex numbers

I have these functions below: $$\sqrt{(x+iy)^2-a^2}$$

$$\frac{b(x+iy)}{\sqrt{(x+iy)^2-a^2}}$$

How do I split these to get the real and imaginary parts of these functions?

If anyone could help me out, that really would be helpful!!!!

It will help me with the method of manufactured solutions for my fracture problem that has the Westergaard solution (as the analytical solution)!!!

Thank you very much,
Mousumi

Best Answer

Let $\sqrt{(x+iy)^2-a^2}=c+id$

$\implies (x+iy)^2-a^2=(c+id)^2$

Comparing the real & the imaginary parts

$\implies c^2-d^2=x^2-y^2-a^2\ \ \ \ (1)$

$2cd=2xy$

$(c^2+d^2)^2=(c^2-d^2)^2+(2cd)^2=(x^2-y^2-a^2)^2+(2xy)^2=(x^2+y^2)^2+a^4-2a^2(x^2-y^2)$

$c^2+d^2=\sqrt{(x^2+y^2)^2+a^4-2a^2(x^2-y^2)}\ \ \ \ (2)$

Use $(1),(2)$

Observe that $cd$ will have the same sign as $xy$