I don't even know what to do for the first part. How do you even find all the feasible directions of a particular Set…?
Then how do you proceed to finding basic directions?
Best Answer
Use the definition of a feasible direction $d$ at $(0,0,1)$: $(0,0,1)+\theta d\in P$ for all $\theta\in (0,\delta)$ for some $\delta>0$ if and only if $\theta d_1 +\theta d_2 +1+\theta d_3=1$ and $\theta d_1\geq 0$, $\theta d_2\geq 0$ and $1+\theta d_3\geq 0$ for all $\theta\in (0,\delta)$. Since $\theta\in (0,\delta)$, this is equivalent to $$d_1+d_2+d_3=0,\quad d_1,d_2\geq 0,\quad \theta d_3\geq -1$$ for all $\theta\in (0,\delta)$. This defines the feasible directions.
(I have some doubts that this answer is correct, but leave it here for discussion.)
With real variables you probably have an infinite number of basic feasible solutions.
The solution you show is a basic feasible solution for the original problem, with all variables equal to zero. To get a feasible solution for your original problem, with nonzero problem variables: Do the Simplex phase II for some times. In the first step you take in a problem variable as a basic variable. Then after another the other variables. Probably your optimal solution has some zero problem variables.
Why do you want to have all basic feasible solutions?
For any values of $a_1$ and $a_2$, you know that the optimal solution will be a basic feasible solution (BFS). So one way to answer the question is to write the object value of each BFS as a function of $a_1$ and $a_2$, compare those expressions, and figure out for what values of $a_1$ and $a_2$ the solution you found has objective value at least as large as that of any other BFS.
Best Answer
Use the definition of a feasible direction $d$ at $(0,0,1)$: $(0,0,1)+\theta d\in P$ for all $\theta\in (0,\delta)$ for some $\delta>0$ if and only if $\theta d_1 +\theta d_2 +1+\theta d_3=1$ and $\theta d_1\geq 0$, $\theta d_2\geq 0$ and $1+\theta d_3\geq 0$ for all $\theta\in (0,\delta)$. Since $\theta\in (0,\delta)$, this is equivalent to $$d_1+d_2+d_3=0,\quad d_1,d_2\geq 0,\quad \theta d_3\geq -1$$ for all $\theta\in (0,\delta)$. This defines the feasible directions.