[Math] Rotation invariant tensors

invariancerotationstensors

It is often claimed that the only tensors invariant under the orthogonal transformations (rotations) are the Kronecker delta $\delta_{ij}$, the Levi-Civita epsilon $\epsilon_{ijk}$ and various combinations of their tensor products. While it is easy to check that $\delta_{ij}$ and $\epsilon_{ijk}$ are indeed invariant under rotations, I would like to know if there exist any proof by construction that they are the only (irreducible) tensors with this property.

Best Answer

This is somewhat late in the day / year, but I suspect the author is asking about representations of isotropic Cartesian tensors, where "isotropic" means "invariant under the action of proper orthogonal transformations" and "Cartesian" means the underlying space is Euclidean $R^n$ ($R^3$ is a case of great practical interest).

The proofs for the two cases asked here are non-trivial, and given in

Weyl, H., The Classical Groups, Princeton University Press, 1939

Constructions for higher-order isotropic Cartesian tensors are also given there.

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