Well, first off, let's list all the possible combination of ages (and their sum):
$1,1,36; 38$
$1,2,18; 21$
$1,3,12; 16$
$1,4,9; 14$
$1,6,6; 13$
$2,2,9; 13$
$2,3,6; 11$
$3,3,4; 10$
I'm not sure what to make of the building one, but note the specific wording in the third clue: "older". The only reason you would say "older" when referring to THREE people (you would typically use "oldest") means that two of them must be twins. So, you now have three possibilities left:
$1,1,36; 38$
$2,2,9; 13$
$3,3,4; 10$
I don't know how to use the building clue to pare the choices down to one.
That help?
EDIT: Apparently, "older" should be "oldest". In that case, the solution could be any of them but one. In addition, the missing piece is that if the person solving the puzzle knows the number of windows in the building but still cant figure it out, then the two possibilities are:
$1,6,6; 13$
$2,2,9; 13$
At this point, the remark about "oldest" rules out the first one and leaves only $2,2,9$ as the correct answer.
The strategy I would use is the following:
Goal is to get $100$ as sum. Among the digits $123456789$, pick and choose the sum close to $100$, such as $89$. Therefore I would attempt to get a value of $11$ from $1234567$ using different combinations.
When you start working on a smaller sum now (sort of like divide and conquer), you may get the desired result. (Of course there is no specific algorithm).
In order to get $11$, I have
$$(1\times 23)-4+5-6-7 = 11$$
$$(1-2+3-4+5)\times 6 -7= 11$$
$$123-45-67 = 11$$
Therefore
$$(1\times 23)-4+5-6-7+89 = 100$$
$$(1-2+3-4+5)\times 6 - 7+89=100$$
$$123-45-67+89=100$$
${\bf{Adding}}$ ${\bf{more}}$ to it:
If we look at $78+9 = 87$ and instead of $89$, we seek the remaining $13$ to be derived from $123456$, and one way to get that is
$$6+5+4-3+2-1=13$$
Therefore
$$78+9+6+5+4-3+2-1=100$$
Best Answer
Assume that the narrative, which is unclear, means that there is at least one hat and one pair of gloves of each colour, that gloves come in pairs, and that the numbers given are totals of hats and gloves (taken singly). You get the maximum number of gloves required by first minimising the number of hats. Since there have to be an even number of gloves of each colour (they come in pairs) this gives hats: 2b, 2r, 1y; gloves: 16b, 30r, 24y.
Now, how many gloves can you take without getting a pair of each colour. That would be 30r + 24y + 8b (all left hands say) = 62. So on this interpretation you'd need to take 63 gloves.
Alternatively she may be able to tell the difference between a left-hand glove and a right-hand glove by touch. Then she would need to take 15r+12y+1b = 28 left-handed gloves to ensure a left-handed glove of each colour, and 28 right-handed gloves to ensure a right-handed glove of each colour - a total of 56.
So the answer depends on a number of assumptions which are unclear from the statement of the problem.