[Math] Meaning of “extension field is a vector space”

abstract-algebrafield-theory

For example it is clear that the case $\mathbb{Q}\big(\sqrt 2\big) = \{ a+b\sqrt2 \vert a,b \in \mathbb{Q}\}$
(Here the $a,b$ is a scalar)

Then if we more generalize this thought, we can get a well known fact that:

(*) Given the field extension L / K, the larger field L is a K-vector space. (Source : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Field_extension)

Hence, I've understood the statement, (*) means $\forall l(\in L) = \sum k_i l_i $ for some $k_i \in K$, $l_i \in L$.

(i.e. Considering the $L$ as a vector space, all the element of the $L $ can be expressed as a linear combination with scalars $k_i(\in K)$ ).

Does it still hold the $L$ like not a finite extension or not a algebraic extension etc like a $\mathbb{Q}(\pi)$ ? In my guess $\mathbb{Q}(\pi)$ is a vector space but not expressed as a finite linear combination.

So, is my thought right? I want to check my idea that I've known.

Any comment or advice would be appreciated. Thanks.

Best Answer

While your "understanding" statement is technically true, I would say that your interpretation misses most of the useful properties of thinking of $L$ as a $K$-vector space. It makes more sense to think of it in terms of the definition of a vector space.

How I would interpret it: $L$ satisfies all of the axioms of a vector space over $K$. I.e. you can consider the elements of $L$ to be "vectors", with addition and scalar multiplication (multiplication by elements of $K$) satisfying all of your familiar vector space properties. This lets you define the dimension of $L$ over $K$, if the dimension is finite you can define a basis, and you can represent $K$-linear transformations with matrices (over $K$).

Under this interpretation, $\mathbb{Q}(\pi)$ is an infinite dimensional vector space over $\mathbb{Q}$.

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