[Math] least value of |w − z|

complex numbers

On an Argand diagram, sketch the loci of points representing complex numbers $w$ and $z$ such that $|w − 1 − 2i|= 1$ and $\arg(z-1)=\dfrac{3}{4}\pi$.

Find the least value of $|w-z|$ for points on these loci.

My attempt, I've already drawn the loci of w. But I don't know how to draw the arg one. Can anyone explain it to me how to draw and how to find the least value. Thanks a lot.

Best Answer

Basic approach. The locus of $\arg (z-1) = \frac{3\pi}{4}$ is that set of points $z$ for which a ray drawn from the point represented by $1$ on the complex plane, through $z$, makes an angle of $\frac{3\pi}{4}$ with the real axis.

That should also tell you which point on the locus of $w$ is the closest to the locus of $z$: Draw a line from $1+2i$, perpendicular to the ray representing the locus of $z$. Where that line intersects the loci of $w$ and $z$ are the desired points.

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