This is a problem from page 44 of Edwards & Penneys' Elementary DE Problems, Question #41:
Suppose that a mineral body formed in the ancient cataclysm originally
containing the uranium isotope $^{238}U$ (which has a half-life of
$4.51 * 10^9$ years) but no lead, the end product of the radioactive
decay of $^{238}U$. If today the ratio of $^{238}U$ to lead atoms in
the mineral body is $0.9$, when did the cataclysm occur?
So far I've tried modelling the amount of uranium, but it depends on how much lead there is now. Like this:
$U(t)=U_0e^{\frac{-ln2}{\lambda}t}$
$0.9L=U_0e^{\frac{-ln2}{\lambda}t}$
$t=\frac{-\lambda(\frac{0.9L}{U_0})}{ln2}$
What have I missed?
Best Answer
Here is one approach.
This means $\dfrac{\mbox{U-238 atoms}}{\mbox{Original U-238 atoms}}= \dfrac{\dfrac{9}{10}}{0.9 + 1} = \dfrac{9}{19} = \dfrac{N}{N_0}$
$\dfrac{N}{N_0} = \left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{\dfrac{t}{T}}$