[Math] How to find the exact value of $\tan(\sec^{-1} 4)$

trigonometry

I would like to know if there is a general method to solve equation looking like this:

$$\tan(\sec^{-1} 4)$$

without using a calculator (you have to find the exact value)?

How to proceed?

Best Answer

Imagine a right-angled triangle with one leg $k$ and hypotenuse $4k$ and angle $\theta$ between them. Then $\cos \theta = \frac{k}{4k}= \frac14$ and $\sec \theta = 4$, making $\sec^{-1}4 = \theta$.

The opposite leg is $\sqrt{(4k)^2-k^2}=\sqrt{15}k$ and so $\tan(\sec^{-1}4) = \tan \theta = \frac{\sqrt{15}k}{k}=\sqrt{15}$. Now you may need a calculator.