[Math] How to find an equation given the absolute value graph

graphing-functions

enter image description here

my question is how can i get a equation out of this i have gathered the following

$$ y = a|x-h| + k$$

$$y = a|x-1| – 4$$ ($a$ i don't know yet and this is where i have a question)

to find $a$ can i just use any point in the graph and plug it in the equation or is their any other ways of doing it?

Best Answer

This is $$y = a|x-1| - 4$$ your equation. It's a translation of the modulus function by 1 unit in the positive $x$ direction and by 4 units in the negative $y$ direction. The gradient is given by $a$.

You can see it's in the form $y=mx+c$ with $m=a$, $c=-4$ and $x=\mid x-1 \mid$ but this is the equation for a straight line. However, the modulus takes two values, namely, $x-1$ and $1-x$, so there will be 2 straight line equations.

When dealing with modulus functions you must consider the two separate cases to find the component lines.

So the equation of the left line is $\color{blue}{y=a(1-x) -4}$ and the right line has equation $\color{red}{y=a(x-1) -4}$.

$a$ can be found by substituting in a point that lies on the left line; for example substitute $(-1,0)$ into the $\color{blue}{\mathrm{blue}}$ equation and solve for $a$:

$$\color{blue}{0=a(1--1) -4}$$ $$\implies \color{blue}{0=2a -4}$$ $$\implies \color{blue}{a=2}$$

Substituting $(3,0)$ into the $\color{red}{\mathrm{red}}$ equation gives: $$\color{red}{0=a(3-1) -4}$$ $$\implies \color{red}{0=2a -4}$$ $$\implies \color{red}{a=2}$$

as before.