[Math] How many five digit numbers divisible by $3$ can be formed using the digits $0,1,2,3,4,7$ and $8$ if each digit is to be used at most once

combinatoricsdiscrete mathematicsdivisibilityintegerspermutations

How many five digit numbers divisible by $3$ can be formed using the digits $0,1,2,3,4,7$ and $8$ if each digit is to be used at most once?


The total number of $5$ digit numbers using the digits $0,1,2,3,4,7$ and $8$ is $6\times6\times5\times4\times3=2160.$

Now I found the numbers not divisible by $3$, i.e. even numbers ending in $2,4,8.$

Even numbers from the digits $0,1,2,3,4,7$ and $8$ are $5\times5\times4\times3\times3=930.$

So the numbers divisible by $3$ are $2160-930=1230$ but the answer is $744.$ Where I am wrong?

Best Answer

You are wrong in assuming that even numbers can't be divisible by 3. As a counter example, 6 is divisible by 3.

The divisibility rule for 3 states that the if the sum of the digits of the number is divisible by 3, the number itself is divisible 3.

Out of the seven digits given, you need to find groups of 5 for which the sum is divisible by 3. For example, $(1, 2, 3, 4, 8)$ is one such group. For every such group you need to find the number of 5 digit numbers that can be formed and get the total.