[Math] How calculates Matlab the sqrt of a complex number

Question

i am just analysing a C Implementation of my Algorithm vs the Matlab-Algorithm. It works quite fine, exceptionally when it Comes to calculate the square root of a complex number.

I tried already 3 different implementations on how to calculate a complex square root in C, but None of this implementation Matches the matlab result.

The Problem is, that the sign of the imaginary parts differs from my implementation. Here are two examples:

s = -1.1721375 - 0.0000000i
sqrt(s) = 0.0000000 - 1.0826530i

s = -1.7648506 - 0.0478944i
sqrt(s) = 0.0180244 - 1.3285991i

I tried to pick the principal square root, which is the one with the positive real part. This works for the first example, but not for the second case.

I Need to have the same result as calculated by matlab.

Thanks in Advance!

EDIT:
I am trying to get all cases correct by the following Code

boolean sHavePositiveImaginaryPart = (s.imag > 0);
s = sqrt(s);
if (sHavePositiveImaginaryPart && s.imag > 0)
s = -1 * s;

Is this correct?

EDIT2:
I have collected some test cases. It seems the sign of the imaginary part always remain unchanged:

s =
 -1.1721375 - 0.0000000i
squareRootOfs =
  0.0000000 - 1.0826530i

s =
 -1.7648506 - 0.0478944i
squareRootOfs =
  0.0180244 - 1.3285991i

s =
 -0.0193461 + 0.3215795i
squareRootOfs =
  0.3891110 + 0.4132233i

s =
  1.9100717e+02 - 7.1220589e+01i
squareRootOfs =
 14.0509853 - 2.5343628i

s =
 -1.7817555e+08 - 1.0207493e+08i
squareRootOfs =
  3.6856221e+03 - 1.3847721e+04i

s =
 -6.5224486e+19 + 1.5745077e+20i
squareRootOfs =
  7.2526336e+09 + 1.0854731e+10i

s =
  9.1788721e+23 + 6.5826579e+23i
squareRootOfs =
  1.0117840e+12 + 3.2529957e+11i

s =
  1.9785707e+26 + 1.0730929e+26i
squareRootOfs =
  1.4542022e+13 + 3.6896273e+12i

s =
  1.2809769e+28 - 7.7697397e+27i
squareRootOfs =
  1.1788071e+14 - 3.2955940e+13i

s =
 -5.8533863e+04 + 1.9665835e+03i
squareRootOfs =
  4.0636616e+00 + 2.4197185e+02i

s =
  5.5913438e+12 + 1.7300604e+13i
squareRootOfs =
  3.4476833e+06 + 2.5090188e+06i

s =
  1.3380493e+27 + 1.4976028e+27i
squareRootOfs =
  4.0904337e+13 + 1.8306161e+13i

s =
 -1.5978770 - 2.3017066i
squareRootOfs =
  0.7759182 - 1.4832147i


s =
 -1.5974181e+14 - 2.1267702e+14i
squareRootOfs =
  7.2885170e+06 - 1.4589869e+07i

EDIT3: Found this in the sqrt-doc of matlab:

%SQRT   Square root of fi object, computed using a bisection algorithm
%   C = SQRT(A) returns the square root of fi object A. Intermediate
%   quantities are calculated using the fimath associated with A.
%   The numerictype object of C is determined automatically for you using
%   an internal rule (see below).

[...]

%   Internal Rule:
%   For syntaxes where the numerictype object of the output is not 
%   specified as an input to the sqrt function, it is automatically 
%   calculated according to the following internal rule:
%     sign(C) = sign(A)
%     word-length(C) = ceil((word-length(A)/2))
%     fraction-length(C) = word-length(C) - 
%                           ceil(((word-length(A) - fraction-length(A))/2))

Answer 1

I run octave right now which should be Matlab compatible and vast majority of basic algorithms are well tested to be Matlab compatible.

Using the code:

[xs,ys] = meshgrid(-16:15,-16:15);

figure(1); imagesc(angle((xs-i*ys))); colormap gray; colorbar;

title('Argument of complex numbers.');

figure(2); imagesc(angle(sqrt(xs-i*ys))); colormap gray; colorbar;

title('Argument of square root.');

The plots below indicate that the branch cut is along the negative real line.