[Math] homeomorphism between Ring (Annulus) and Cylinder

Question

How to prove that a Ring (Annulus) in $R2$ is homeomorphic to a Cylinder in $R3$?

I understand that I need to find a function that maps every point in the ring to a point on the cylinder.

Answer 1

Note first that it is easy to scale and translate both the ring and the cylinder, so we may choose the ones that fit us best.

If you consider a closed ring and a finite closed cylinder, you may describe them by $$ R=\{(r\cos t, r\sin t),\ 1\leq r\leq 2,\ 0\leq t<2\pi\},\ \ \ \ C=\{(\cos t, \sin t, z),\ 0\leq z\leq 1\}. $$ Then take $\gamma:R\to C$ given by $$\gamma(r\cos t, r\sin t)=(\cos t, \sin t, r-1).$$ To confirm that this is well-defined, this is $$ \gamma(x,y)=\left(\frac{x}{\sqrt{x^2+y^2}},\frac{y}{\sqrt{x^2+y^2}},-1+\sqrt{x^2+y^2}\right) $$

If the cylinder is infinite, the ring cannot be closed (as it would be compact). So if $$ R=\{(r\cos t, r\sin t),\ 1< r< 2,\ 0\leq t<2\pi\},\ \ \ \ C=\{(\cos t, \sin t, z),\ z\in\mathbb R\}, $$ you can take $$\gamma(r\cos t,r\sin t)=(\cos t,\sin t, \delta(r)),$$ where $\delta:(1,2)\to\mathbb R$ is a homeomorphism.