I have several print copies of a sequence of U.S. "new math" textbooks from the 1960s that might be very useful to you, if you can find them on the internet. Google the phrase "school mathematics study group" (SMSG) and perhaps you can find some .pdf files of them posted somewhere. For those who think these books might be overly pseudo-set-theoretical (because of other books/literature written at the time that were overly pseudo-set-theoretical and a number of second rate teacher workshops that took place back then), I'll mention that these books were put out by the same people who began the MAA "New Mathematical Library" series of books. Below are some SMSG texts that I've managed to find on-line. I've listed them in an approximate order of their content level.
First Course in Algebra, Student's Text, Part I, Unit 9
http://www.eric.ed.gov/PDFS/ED135617.pdf
First Course in Algebra, Student's Text, Part II, Unit 10
http://www.eric.ed.gov/PDFS/ED135618.pdf
First Course in Algebra, Part 3. Preliminary Edition
http://www.eric.ed.gov/PDFS/ED186227.pdf
Geometry, Student's Text, Part I, Unit 13. Revised Edition
http://www.eric.ed.gov/PDFS/ED135621.pdf
Geometry, Student's Text, Part II, Unit 14. Revised Edition
http://www.eric.ed.gov/PDFS/ED135622.pdf
Intermediate Mathematics, Student's Text, Part I, Unit 17
http://www.eric.ed.gov/PDFS/ED135625.pdf
Intermediate Mathematics, Part 1, Supplementary Unit I. The Development of the Real Number System. Revised Edition
http://www.eric.ed.gov/PDFS/ED143529.pdf
Intermediate Mathematics, Student's Text, Part II, Unit No. 18. Revised Edition
http://www.eric.ed.gov/PDFS/ED173087.pdf
Geometry with Coordinates, Student's Text, Part I, Unit 47. Revised Edition
http://www.eric.ed.gov/PDFS/ED160452.pdf
Geometry with Coordinates, Student's Text, Part II, Unit 48. Revised Edition
http://www.eric.ed.gov/PDFS/ED160453.pdf
Elementary Functions, Student's Text, Unit 21
http://www.eric.ed.gov/PDFS/ED135629.pdf
Analytic Geometry, Student Text, Part 1. Revised Edition
http://www.eric.ed.gov/PDFS/ED184826.pdf
Analytic Geometry, Student Text, Part 3. Revised Edition
http://www.eric.ed.gov/PDFS/ED184830.pdf
Introduction to Matrix Algebra, Student's Text, Unit 23
http://www.eric.ed.gov/PDFS/ED135631.pdf
Best Answer
You could just go to to your University library and try finding Grothendieck's Éléments de géométrie algébrique, which has not been translated from the original French and provides plenty of practice.
As to why your Google searching has not been going well, you have probably been trying to Goggle French Math textbooks in English, which will get you English results. Google what you want (field of Math, textbook name, etc) in French with 'pdf' and you will get many results. For example:
Cours d’analyse
ANALYSE MATHEMATIQUE
Analyse Mathématique I
EQUATIONS DIFFERENTIELLES METHODES DE RESOLUTION NUMERIQUE
Cours de Mathematiques 2
Perhaps also try Googling 'language proficiency exams math graduate french practice' or the like and see what comes along.