[Math] Equation of circle tangent to y=x and x-axis with radius 5

algebra-precalculusgeometry

Find the equation of a circle in the 3rd quadrant that is tangent to the line y=x and the x-axis, with a radius of 5.

One way I thought of doing it was letting the center point of the circle be the point (-x, -5) and the point of tangency between the circle and y=x be the point (-a, -a). Then using the distance formula and the slope formula between the points, you have two equation in two variables which you can then solve.

However, this method is tedious. I am wondering if there is a slicker, more elegant solution that is more geometric in nature and uses the angles and side lengths given.

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Best Answer

HINT:

If the coordinate of the center is $(-b,-5)$ as it lies on $y=-5$

Observe that $$\tan 22.5^\circ=-\frac5b$$