Before you do anything, note that the graph must be finite. If the graph weren't finite, a trivial example of a graph with every vertex of degree $2$ without any cycle would be the integer line, where every point is labelled with an integer and each point $n$ would be connected to points $n+1$ and $n-1$.
With that out of the way, it's mostly a matter of actually drawing out these edge-disjoint cycles.
We can use induction. Let $G$ be a finite graph where every vertex is of degree at least $2$. Then, pick any vertex $v_0$, and starting from that vertex, trace a path through the vertices $v_1, v_2, v_3, \ldots$. If at any point along this path we reach a vertex $v_n$ that we already passed earlier in the path, we have a cycle and we're done. But supposing we'd never visited $v_n$ before, then only one edge on $v_n$ is part of the path, and therefore we can continue drawing the path by the another edge on $v_n$ since the degree of $v_n$ is at least 2.
Continue until you do get a vertex that's already in the path – because the graph is finite, this will happen eventually by the pigeonhole principle.
Now that we've proven that, do you see how to approach the problem when each vertex is of degree at least $2n$?
Since each Hamiltonian takes away two edges per vertex, an obvious upper bound for the even case is $\frac n2-1$. For the lower bound, use the following construction: If $n=2m+2$, let the vertices be $0,1,2,\ldots,n-2,n-1$. For $d=1,2,\ldots m$, we have a Hamiltonian cycle of all points except $n-1$ by making steps of length $d$ (i.e. there is an edge between $a$ and $a\pm d\bmod {n-1}$.
To turn these into Hamiltonians for the full graph, note that for $k=0, 1, \ldots, m-1$ the edge $k\to 2m-k$ belongs to one of thes Hamiltonians, namely the one with step size $d=2k+1$ or $d=2m-2k$, whichever is $\le m$. Replacing this edge with $k\to n-1\to 2m-k$ we get a Hamiltonian cycle for the larger graoh, and all these are edge-disjoint.
Best Answer
An example of the prism over the Petersen graph decomposing into Hamilton cycles:
A non-example (just to show that it's not always possible):
Here the green edges are a Hamilton cycle, whereas the black edges are not.
These were found via a computer search.