[Math] Does $\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\frac{\cos\left(\frac{n\pi}{2}\right)}{\sqrt{n}}$ converge

calculusconvergence-divergencesequences-and-seriessummation

Does the following series converge?

$$\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\frac{\cos\left({\frac{n\pi}{2}}\right)}{\sqrt{n}}$$

The $\cos$ function:

  • alternates between (-1) and 1 for every $n$ that is even. (for a general expression see this)
  • equal to zero for every $n$ that is odd.

Thus the sequence of the given series is actually alternating between positive and negative:

$$
\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\frac{\cos\left({\frac{n\pi}{2}}\right)}{\sqrt{n}} = 0 + \frac{-1}{\sqrt{2}} + 0 + \frac{1}{\sqrt{4}} + 0 + \frac{-1}{\sqrt{6}} + \cdots + \frac{i^{n} (1 + (-1)^{n})}{2}\cdot\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}
$$

Would it be valid to use the Leibniz Test in order to say that the given series converge?

Do you know of a different method to prove whether the given series converges/diverges? Without using the complex number $i$.

Best Answer

In the Leibniz Test, for the convergence of $\sum(-1)^n a_n$ is required $a_n\ge 0$, $a_n\to 0$ and $a_{n+1}\le a_n$, so take only the even terms. And the sum isn't zero.