[Math] Area outside a rectangle enclosed by cosine and the x-axis

calculus

A rectangle with one side on the $x$-axis has its upper vertices on the graph of $y = \cos x$. What is the minimum area outside the rectangle but under the graph of $y$?

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My work so far

I was thinking of just dealing with $[0,\frac{\pi}{2}]$

Then I would need to just deal with one vertice. Then, let $A\left(x\right)$ be the area of the rectangle inside. When is $A\left(x\right)$ largest?

I think that $A\left(x\right) =x * \cos(x)$ length*height

$A^{\prime}\left(x\right) = \cos\left(x\right) – x\sin\left(x\right)$

How to find the values when $A^{\prime}\left(x\right)=0$ Thanks gt6989b

So $\approx 0.860$

Thus the shaded area will be $2[1-0.860\cos\left(0.860\right)]\approx 0.877$

Best Answer

$A'(x)=0$ is equivalent to $x=\cot(x)$ or $x=1 / \tan(x)$.

There are several solutions, but the only one in $[0,\frac{\pi}{2})$ is about $0.860333589$

I suspect there is no closed form, but it is easy to find a close enough value by numerical approximation.

You then need to multiply this by its cosine, double it, and subtract the result from the total area under the curve