[Math] All the five digit numbers in which each successive digit exceeds its predecessor are arranged in the increasing order of their magnitude.

combinatorics

All the five digit numbers in which each successive digit exceeds its predecessor are arranged in the increasing order of their magnitude.The $97$th number in the list does not contain the digit
$(A)4\hspace{1 cm}(B)5\hspace{1 cm}(C)7\hspace{1 cm}(D)8$


The question is demanding the numbers of the type of numbers as $''24567''$.Such numbers should start from either 1,2,3,4,5.

But i do not know how to calculate the $97$th number.

Best Answer

Selecting an admissible number means selecting a five element subset of $\{1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9\}$.

There are ${8\choose4}=70$ numbers of the form $1x$ and ${7\choose4}=35$ numbers of the form $2x$. Since $70<97<70+35$ the first digit is $2$.

There are ${6\choose 3}=20$ numbers of the form $23x$ and ${5\choose 3}=10$ numbers of the form $24x$. Since $70+20<97<70+20+10$ the first two digits are $24$.

There are ${4\choose2}=6$ numbers of the form $245x$. Since $70+20+6=96$ the number we are after is the first number of the form $246x$, which is $24678$. It follows that (B) is true.