[Math] A single choice exam has 10 questions each with 5 possible answers, what is the probability no questions are answered correct

probabilityprobability theory

A single choice examination has 10 questions, each with five possible answers, only one is correct. Suppose a student randomly guesses at each question.

a.) What is the probability the student answers no questions correct?

b.) What is the probability that the student passes the test (60% or better)

c.) What is the probability that the student's first correct answer is on the seventh question?

My thoughts

a.) (4/5)^10 since the probability of getting each question wrong is the same

b.)

$$P(Y\ge6)=P(Y=6)+ P(Y=4)$$
$$ \left(^{10}_6\right)(.2)^{6}(.8)^{4}+\left(^{10}_{10}\right)(.2)^{10}(.8)^{10-10}$$

$$P(Y\ge6)=.0055$$

c.)(4/5)^6 x (1/5)

Best Answer

A straightforward (if long-ish) way to answer the second question is to consider the probability that the person gets exactly $6,7,8,9,$ and $10$ questions correct.

There are ${10 \choose n}$ ways that the student can get $n$ questions correct. The probability that this happens is $(1/5)^n(4/5)^{10-n}$. Then your answer is

$$P_{pass} = \sum_{n=6}^{10}{10 \choose n}\left(\frac15\right)^n\left(\frac45\right)^{10-n}$$