$P$ is a point on a hyperbola. The tangent at $P$ cuts a directrix at point $Q$.
Prove that $PQ$ subtends a right angle to the focus $F$ corresponding to the directrix.
I have tried to use the general equation of the hyperbola and gradient method to show, but too many unknowns and I can't continue. I tried to show $m_1 m_2 = -1$, but I stuck halfway.
Note (From @Blue). This property holds for all conics, except circles, which have no directrix. For ellipses and hyperbolas, the property holds for either focus-directrix pair. A proof incorporating this level of generality would be nice to see.
We can restate the property in a way that includes the circle as a limiting case:
$P$ is a point on a conic with focus $F$. The line perpendicular to $\overline{PF}$ at $F$ meets the tangent at $P$ in a point on the directrix corresponding to $F$; if $P$ is a vertex, then the perpendicular, tangent, and directrix are parallel, meeting at a point "at infinity". In the case of a circle, the perpendicular is parallel to the tangent (so that they "meet" in a point on a "directrix at infinity").
Best Answer
This is an euclidean solution to the parabolic case.
To adapt the proof to the hyperbolic case is left to the reader.
In modern terms, this is just $\frac{d}{dx}x^2 = 2x$.
Proof: Let $O$ be the intersection between the axis and the directrix. By Lemma 1 we have $PAF=COB$, so $PFBC$ is a parallelogram. Since $PF=PC$ by the definition of parabola, $PFBC$ is indeed a rhombus.
In the hyperbolic/elliptic case Lemma 2 and the next Corollary have to be replaced with: the tangent at $P$ is the internal/external angle bisector of $\widehat{F_1 P F_2}$, hence $PCQF$ is a cyclic quadrilateral and $\widehat{PFQ}=\widehat{PCQ}$ holds.