Define polynomials $p_i(x)$ by the recurrence
\begin{align}
p_0(x)&=0 \\
p_1(x)&=1 \\
p_{2i}(x)&=p_{2i-1}(x)-p_{2i-2}(x) \\
p_{2i+1}(x)&=xp_{2i}(x)-p_{2i-1}(x) \\
\end{align}
The first few are given by
\begin{align}
p_0(x)&=0\\
p_1(x)&=1\\
p_2(x)&=1\\
p_3(x)&=x-1\\
p_4(x)&=x-2\\
p_5(x)&=x^2-3x+1\\
p_6(x)&=x^2-4x+3\\
p_7(x)&=x^3-5x^2+6x-1\\
p_8(x)&=x^3-6x^2+10x-4
\end{align}
It is reasonable to ask whether the coefficients of these polynomials alternate in sign. Any thoughts?
Do the coefficients of these polynomials alternate in sign
combinatoricspolynomials
Best Answer
Lord Shark's answer is good (but might contain some subtle mistakes) ... I reckon ... \begin{eqnarray*} p_{2i}(x) = \sum_{j=0}^{i-1} \binom{2i-j-1}{j} (-1)^j x^{i-j-1} \\ p_{2i-1}(x) = \sum_{j=0}^{i-1} \binom{2i-j-2}{j} (-1)^j x^{i-j-1}. \\ \end{eqnarray*} Proof of the even formula ... \begin{eqnarray*} &p_{2i-1}(x) -p_{2i-2}(x) =\\ & x^{i-1}+ \sum_{j=0}^{i-2} \binom{2i-j-3}{j+1} (-1)^{j+1} x^{i-j-2} - \sum_{j=0}^{i-1} \binom{2i-j-3}{j} (-1)^j x^{i-j-2} \\ &= x^{i-1}+ \sum_{j=0}^{i-2} \binom{2i-j-2}{j} (-1)^{j+1} x^{i-j-2} = p_{2i}(x). \end{eqnarray*} And the answer to the question in the title is $\color{red}{\text{yes}}$.