Deriving Stokes’ theorem from substituting this identity

multivariable-calculusstokes-theoremvector analysis

As per requested: deriving Stokes' theorem from substituting this identity

Making substitution with

$ ∇ \times(\phi a) $

where $\phi$ is a scalar field, and $a$ is a vector field. Given that the identity is equal to:

$ ∇ \times(\phi a) = \phi (∇ \times a) + (∇\phi)\times a$

then derive stokes theorem:

$\int_{C}\phi dr = \iint_{S}n \times (∇\phi )dS$

for a surface $S$ with unit normal $n$ that is bounded by the closed curve $C$ , where the direction of $n$ obeys the usual convention.

What I've tried:

following from the hint

$$\nabla \times (\phi \mathbf{a}) \cdot \mathbf{n} = (\nabla \phi \times \mathbf{a})\cdot \mathbf{n} = (\mathbf{n} \times \nabla \phi) \cdot \mathbf{a}$$

substituting this into the theorem above gives,

$\int_{C} \phi \cdot \mathbf{a} dr=\iint_{S} (\mathbf{\hat{n}}\times\nabla\phi)\cdot\mathbf{a}dS$

Then taking out the constant a

$\mathbf{a}\cdot(\int_{C}\phi dr)=\mathbf{a}\cdot(\iint_{S}\mathbf{\hat{n}}\times(\nabla\phi)dS) $

since a is arbitrary we deduce that:
$\int_{C}\phi dr = \iint_{S}n \times (∇\phi )dS$

Best Answer

Hint:

If $\mathbf{a}$ is an arbitrary constant vector, then

$$\nabla \times (\phi \mathbf{a}) \cdot \mathbf{n} = (\nabla \phi \times \mathbf{a})\cdot \mathbf{n} = (\mathbf{n} \times \nabla \phi) \cdot \mathbf{a}$$

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