I am still trying to find my way out with the Vector Tile Map Packages.
According to the documentation:
When you publish a vector tile package to ArcGIS Online or Portal for
ArcGIS, a vector tile layer is created. The vector tile layer can be
added to web maps as operational or basemap layers or maps in ArcGIS
Pro.
Is it possible to publish vtpk files in an ArcGIS Server?
Best Answer
In short, yes you are able to publish a vector tile map using ArcGIS Server as mentioned "Build and publish a vector tile package", "Is there a way to publish vector tiles to ArcGIS Server without Portal?" and "Prerequisites for creating a vector tile service"
To go about doing this you will need to use ArcGIS Pro and Portal for ArcGIS as mentioned:
In addition,
Once you have designated ArcGIS for Server as your portal's hosting server as dicussed here
Then there are a number of steps to go about publishing as outlined here