QGIS Python Console – How to Draw Polygons

geometrypythonqgis-2

I've been visiting and revisiting the page on geometry handling in the PyQGIS Cookbook: http://documentation.qgis.org/2.0/en/docs/pyqgis_developer_cookbook/geometry.html but can't seem to figure out how to get the polygon to draw from the Python console. Can anyone help?

Best Answer

it is not realy complicated, look at Memory provider in vector: :

a point is created with QgsPoint(x,y) and QgsGeometry.fromPoint(QgsPoint(x,y))
a line is created with two points: QgsGeometry.fromPolyline([QgsPoint(x1,y1),QgsPoint(x2,y2)]))
a polygon is created with a list of points: QgsGeometry.fromPolygon([[QgsPoint(x1,y1),QgsPoint(x2,y2), QgsPoint(x3,y3)]])

1) two points:

# create a memory layer with two points
layer =  QgsVectorLayer('Point', 'points' , "memory")
pr = layer.dataProvider() 
# add the first point
pt = QgsFeature()
point1 = QgsPoint(50,50)
pt.setGeometry(QgsGeometry.fromPoint(point1))
pr.addFeatures([pt])
# update extent of the layer
layer.updateExtents()
# add the second point
pt = QgsFeature()
point2 = QgsPoint(100,150)
pt.setGeometry(QgsGeometry.fromPoint(point2))
pr.addFeatures([pt])
# update extent
layer.updateExtents()
# add the layer to the canvas
QgsMapLayerRegistry.instance().addMapLayers([layer])

enter image description here

2) the line connecting the two points

layer =  QgsVectorLayer('LineString', 'line' , "memory")
pr = layer.dataProvider() 
line = QgsFeature()
line.setGeometry(QgsGeometry.fromPolyline([point1,point2]))
pr.addFeatures([line])
layer.updateExtents()
QgsMapLayerRegistry.instance().addMapLayers([layer])

enter image description here

3) a polygon covering the points

layer =  QgsVectorLayer('Polygon', 'poly' , "memory")
pr = layer.dataProvider() 
poly = QgsFeature()
points = [point1,QgsPoint(50,150),point2,QgsPoint(100,50)]
# or points = [QgsPoint(50,50),QgsPoint(50,150),QgsPoint(100,150),QgsPoint(100,50)] 
poly.setGeometry(QgsGeometry.fromPolygon([points]))
pr.addFeatures([poly])
layer.updateExtents()
QgsMapLayerRegistry.instance().addMapLayers([layer])

enter image description here

Changes in QGIS 3.0 and onward:

For QGIS 3.0 and onward the above workflow is still correct, but certain functions have changed. See https://qgis.org/api/api_break.html

To update the above code, change following functions:

QgsPoint -> QgsPointXY
QgsfromPoint -> QgsfromPointXY
QgsfromPolyline -> QgsfromPolylineXY
QgsfromPolygon -> QgsfromPolylineXY
QgsfromPolyline -> QgsfromPolylineXY
QgsMapLayerRegistry -> QgsProject

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Geometry has a method distanceTo which:

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