[Tex/LaTex] \printbibliography causes “missing $ inserted” error

biberbiblatex

I want to get my references straight. I use Biber and it recognizes the .bib file and correctly refers to them when I cite them. However, when I want to print the references using \printbibliography, it causes the following error:

Missing $ inserted

on the line below the \printbibliography command. This is my structure:

\documentclass[10pt,a4paper]{article}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{makeidx}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{lmodern}
\usepackage[style = numeric, backend = biber]{biblatex}
\addbibresource{mybib.bib}

\author{Simon Götz}
\title{Muziek Genre Classificatie: Een Vergelijking Tussen Album Covers en 
Ander Beeldmateriaal}

\begin{document}
\maketitle
\section{Abstract}
\cite{Oramas}
\cite{Manning}
\cite{Downie}
\cite{Schedl}
\cite{humming}
\section{Introductie}
lorem ipsum
\section{Verwante literatuur}
\section{Referenties}
\printbibliography
\end{document}

This is a screenshot of the errors I get:
enter image description here

EDIT: the code below is the mybib.bib file I use

@InProceedings{humming,
author = {T., Kageyama and K., Mochizuki and Y., Takashima},
title = { Melody Retrieval with Humming.},
booktitle = { Proceedings Int. Computer Music
Conference (ICMC)},
    pages = {349-351},
    year = {1993}
}

@Article{Oramas,
    author = {S., Oramas and F., Barbieri and X., Serra},
    title = {Multimodal Deep Learning for Music Genre Classification},
    journal = {Transactions of the International Society for Music Information Retrieval},
    year = {2018},
    volume = {1},
    number = {1},
    pages = {4-21}
}

@Article{Libeks,
    author = {J., Libeks and D., Turnbull},
    title = {You can judge an artist by an album cover: Using images for musicannotation.},
    journal = {IEEE MultiMedia},
    year = {2011},
    volume = {18},
    number = {4},
    pages = {30-37}
}

@Article{Schedl,
    author = {M., Schedl and E., Gómez and J., Urbano},
    title = { Music information retrieval: Recent developments and
applications.},
    journal = { Foundations and Trends® in Information Retrieval},
    volume = {8},
    number = {3},
    pages = {127 - 261}
}

@Article{Downie,
    author = {J.S., Downie},
    title = {Music information retrieval.},
    journal = {Annual Review of Information Science and
Technology},
    volume = {37},
    pages = {295-340},
    note = {Available from http://music-ir.org/downie_mir_arist37.pdf}
}

@Book{Manning,
author = {C.D., Manning and P., Raghavan and H., Schütze},
title = {Introduction to Information Retrieval},
publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
year = {2008},
}

Best Answer

The error is caused by a URL in the note field like in Downie

note = {Available from http://music-ir.org/downie_mir_arist37.pdf}

Some URLs contain special characters like _ or # that might throw LaTeX off (_ will land you in math mode for example). Since you use biblatex you should use the url field

url = {http://music-ir.org/downie_mir_arist37.pdf},

instead. Then the URL will by typeset using url's \url command which can deal with these special characters without escaping.


Your name fields look wrong.

author = {J.S., Downie},

would be parsed as a name with family/last name "J.S." and given/first name "Downie", but I assume it should be the other way round. You want

author = {J. S. Downie},

or

author = {Downie, J. S.},

where the latter form is sometimes said to be preferred (and at times is necessary if the name involves junior parts). See How should I type author names in a bib file? How to properly write multiple authors in bibtex file?.


It is usually not required to end title fields and the like with a full stop (.). In some situations that may actually be detrimental and give undesired output (double punctuation/punctuation clash).