[Tex/LaTex] Millimetric grid under PGFPlots graph

pgfplotstikz-pgf

I'd like to recreate a plot that I found on a book for my students. The plot has a grid (1 mm x 1 mm) and above it, the axis and the function graph.

I'm having trouble creating the grid, which has some emphasis every 5 mm. I assume I have to use minor grid style and major grid style to set the colors for the grid and it's emphasis.

So, how can I set the grid to have 1 mm by 1 mm divisions? I'd like to point out that setting "ticks" give me little black lines on the axis, which I do not want, only the grid.

Here's my MWE:

\documentclass{standalone}

\usepackage{pgfplots}
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.13}
\usepackage{tikz,tikz-3dplot} %Para fazer desenhos
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.multipart,shapes.geometric,calc,angles,positioning,intersections,quotes,decorations,babel,patterns,fit}
\usepackage{tkz-euclide}
\usetkzobj{all}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}

\begin{axis}    [
axis lines = {center},
%width = {0.6\linewidth},
ylabel = {$y$},
xlabel = {$x$},
ytick distance = {2},
xtick distance = 1,
ymin=-1,
ymax=11,
xmin=-0.9,
xmax=4.9,
major grid style={gray},
minor grid style={lightgray},
grid=both
]

\addplot    [
mark = none, domain= -1:5, smooth %samples at = {-1,0,1,2,3,4,5}
]
{x^2 -5*x + 6};

\addplot    [
mark=*
]
coordinates {(2.5,-0.25)};
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

And here's the image I'm trying to base myself on. I know the function in the MWE isn't the same as the image, but it's just a reference for the grid. My idea is to have some examples of functions and also some instances with only the axis and grid, so the students can build the plots:

Best Answer

as pure tikz picture:

\documentclass[tikz, margin=3mm]{standalone}

\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
% grid
\draw[     thin,brown!25]   (-2,-2) grid[step= 1mm] ++ (8,15);
\draw[semithick,brown!50]   (-2,-2) grid[step= 5mm] ++ (8,15);
\draw[    thick,brown!75]   (-2,-2) grid[step=10mm] ++ (8,15);
% axis
\draw[-Stealth] (0,-1) -- (0,11) node[below right] {$y$};
\draw[-Stealth] (-1,0) -- (5, 0) node[below  left] {$x$};
\foreach \i in {1,...,4}{\draw (\i,1mm) -- + (0,-2mm) node[below] {\i};}
\foreach \i in {2,4,...,10}{\draw (1mm,\i) -- + (-2mm,0) node[ left] {\i};}
% curve
\draw[very thick, red]  plot[domain= -1:5] (\x, \x*\x - 5*\x + 6);
\draw                   plot[mark=*]    coordinates {(2.5,-0.25)};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Related Solutions

[Tex/LaTex] set minor grid values in pgfplots

The incorrect position of the minor ticks for small values stems from the insufficient accuracy of the maths engine. You can increase the accuracy a fair bit by using the fpu library by replacing

y coord trafo/.code=\pgfmathparse{ln(-ln(1-#1)))}

with

y coord trafo/.code={
    \pgfkeys{/pgf/fpu=true}
    \pgfmathparse{ln(-ln(1-#1)))}
    \pgfkeys{/pgf/fpu=false}
}

but this is still not perfect.

If you have the option of compiling your document with lualatex, you can make use \directlua statements to do the calculations:

y coord trafo/.code={
    \edef\pgfmathresult{\directlua{tex.print(math.log(-math.log((1-#1))))}}
}

will give you

Close-up of the bottom left-hand corner:

If using luatex is not an option for you, you might have to write a new pgfmath function that uses precomputed tabulated data (similar to what's done for the trigonometric functions in the math parser).

To change the style of the grid lines defined using the extra y ticks, you have to use extra y tick style={yticklabels={},major grid style={red}}: The grid lines defined by the extra y ticks are major grid lines, so you have to set the major grid style within the context of the extra y tick style.

\documentclass[border=5mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{luaotfload}
\usepackage[EU2]{fontenc}
\usepackage{lmodern}
\usepackage{pgfplots}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}[scale only axis,
  % plot style
  every axis plot/.append style={line width=1.0pt,blue},
  % labels
  xlabel=Lebensdauer $t$,
  ylabel=Ausfallhäufigkeitssumme $R(t)$,
  % axis limits
  xmin=0,xmax = 20.0,
  ymin=0.001, ymax=0.999,
  % calculate functions only in this domain
  domain=0.1:20,
  % x-axis: log scale with linear numbers
  xmode=log,log ticks with fixed point,
  % grid style
  grid=both, % major and minor for both axis (alt: major, minor, none)
  minor grid style={gray!25},
  major grid style={black!50},
  % -- set weibull plot grid positions --
  % remove tick lines
  major tick length=0pt,
  minor tick length=0pt,
  % yticks (major grid lines)
  ytick      ={0.001,0.002,0.003,0.004,0.005,
               0.01,0.02,0.03,0.04,0.05,
               0.10,0.20,0.30,0.40,0.50,0.60,0.70,0.80,0.90,0.99,0.999},
  % according labels
  yticklabels={0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4,0.5,1,2,3,4,5,10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80,90,99,99.9},
  % 
  extra y tick style={yticklabels={},major grid style={red}}, % color is ignored !
  % position of minor y-grid lines
  extra y ticks=  {0.001,0.0011,0.0012,0.0013,0.0014,0.0015,0.0016,0.0017,0.0018,0.0019,0.002,0.0021,0.0022,0.0023,0.0024,0.0025,0.0026,0.0027,0.0028,0.0029,0.003,0.00325,0.0035,0.00375,0.004,0.00425,0.0045,0.00475,0.005,0.0055,0.006,0.0065,0.007,0.0075,0.008,0.0085,0.009,0.0095,0.01,0.011,0.012,0.013,0.014,0.015,0.016,0.017,0.018,0.019,0.02,0.0225,0.025,0.0275,0.03,0.035,0.04,0.045,0.05,0.055,0.06,0.065,0.07,0.075,0.08,0.085,0.09,0.095,0.1,0.11,0.12,0.13,0.14,0.15,0.16,0.17,0.18,0.19,0.2,0.21,0.22,0.23,0.24,0.25,0.26,0.27,0.28,0.29,0.3,0.32,0.34,0.36,0.38,0.4,0.42,0.44,0.46,0.48,0.5,0.52,0.54,0.56,0.58,0.6,0.62,0.64,0.66,0.68,0.7,0.72,0.74,0.76,0.78,0.8,0.82,0.84,0.86,0.88,0.9,0.909,0.918,0.927,0.936,0.945,0.954,0.963,0.972,0.981,0.99,0.991,0.992,0.993,0.994,0.995,0.996,0.997,0.998,0.999},
  % tic position calculation (coord. transformation)
  % must be below the tick positions !
  y coord trafo/.code={
    \edef\pgfmathresult{\directlua{tex.print(math.log(-math.log((1-#1))))}}
%   \pgfkeys{/pgf/fpu=true}
%   \pgfmathparse{ln(-ln(1-#1)))}
%   \pgfkeys{/pgf/fpu=false}
  }
]
%
\addplot[domain=0.01:100, sharp plot] gnuplot{ 1-exp(-x**2)};
\end{axis} 
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

[Tex/LaTex] plotting two time series with bounds

This happens because PGFPlots only uses one "stack" per axis: You're stacking the second confidence interval on top of the first. The easiest way to fix this is probably to use the approach described in "Is there an easy way of using line thickness as error indicator in a plot?": After plotting the first confidence interval, stack the upper bound on top again, using stack dir=minus. That way, the stack will be reset to zero, and you can draw the second confidence interval in the same fashion as the first:

\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{pgfplots, tikz}

\usepackage{pgfplotstable}

\pgfplotstableread{
temps   y_h y_h__inf    y_h__sup    y_f y_f__inf    y_f__sup    

1   0.237340    0.135170    0.339511    0.237653    0.135482    0.339823    
2   0.561320    0.422007    0.700633    0.165871    0.026558    0.305184    
3   0.694760    0.534205    0.855314    0.074856    -0.085698   0.235411    
4   0.728306    0.560179    0.896432    0.003361    -0.164765   0.171487    
5   0.711710    0.544944    0.878477    -0.044582   -0.211349   0.122184    
6   0.671241    0.511191    0.831291    -0.073347   -0.233397   0.086703    
7   0.621177    0.471219    0.771135    -0.088418   -0.238376   0.061540    
8   0.569354    0.431826    0.706882    -0.094382   -0.231910   0.043146    
9   0.519973    0.396571    0.643376    -0.094619   -0.218022   0.028783    
10  0.475121    0.366990    0.583251    -0.091467   -0.199598   0.016664    
}{\table}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}

    \begin{axis}
    % y_h confidence interval
    \addplot [stack plots=y, fill=none, draw=none, forget plot]   table [x=temps, y=y_h__inf]   {\table} \closedcycle;
    \addplot [stack plots=y, fill=gray!50, opacity=0.4, draw opacity=0, area legend]   table [x=temps, y expr=\thisrow{y_h__sup}-\thisrow{y_h__inf}]   {\table} \closedcycle;
    % subtract the upper bound so our stack is back at zero
    \addplot [stack plots=y, stack dir=minus, forget plot, draw=none] table [x=temps, y=y_h__sup] {\table};

    % y_f confidence interval
    \addplot [stack plots=y, fill=none, draw=none, forget plot]   table [x=temps, y=y_f__inf]   {\table} \closedcycle;
    \addplot [stack plots=y, fill=gray!50, opacity=0.4, draw opacity=0, area legend]   table [x=temps, y expr=\thisrow{y_f__sup}-\thisrow{y_f__inf}]   {\table} \closedcycle;

    % the line plots (y_h and y_f)    
    \addplot [stack plots=false, very thick,smooth,blue]  table [x=temps, y=y_h]   {\table};
    \addplot [stack plots=false, very thick,smooth,blue]  table [x=temps, y=y_f]   {\table};
    \end{axis}

\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Best Answer

Related Solutions

[Tex/LaTex] set minor grid values in pgfplots

[Tex/LaTex] plotting two time series with bounds

Related Question