amsmath
I don't know how to describe my question, but how might I be able to make the "lim" sit even with the text surrounding it? See image below.
I would like the "lim" to sit on the red line that I have added in. This is a minor thing that is really bugging me. I am using the "aligned" environment as in the following code:
Evaluate \begin{aligned}\lim_{h\to0}\frac{\sin(6x)}{x}\end{aligned}.
Okay, here's my first attempt. It needs a little tweaking with spacing either side, and I've only tested it with the 2x2 matrix given and without any font size changes, so some of the choices for lengths might be amiss.
The vertical centring is handled by setting the baseline option on the enclosing tikzpicture. We want the actual centre of the matrix to be a bit above the baseline (about the middle of an =, I guess). Trial and error gave me a height of .7ex. Next is the delimiters. TikZ can handle them itself, so I figured it best to let it deal with them rather than putting stuff in boxes or minipages (the node text is already in boxes and so forth so putting in more seems overkill). I found the delimiters to be vertically a little off, so I shifted them down a point, and also a little far out. I didn't want to touch the inner sep as that changes both vertical and horizontal, so I simply shifted them in a little. These are the every (left|right|) delimiter styles. I wanted a little inner sep on the matrix itself but not on the entries themselves. I also adjusted the row and column separations a little to better match the AMS styles.
Next was the ampersand. I'm a little wary of this, but what I do is to change it to an active character. It checks to see if it is inside a TikZ matrix. If it is, then it produces \pgfmatrixnextcell and if not, it produces the old ampersand. This could be made a little more robust by only checking for if we're in one of our special TikZ matrices. I don't know if this is a good solution or not.
After that, it's simply a matter of wrapping it all up in an environment.
Let's start with the result. In each row, the first is a tikzpicture, the second is the same but wrapped in to an environment, the third is the AMS original.
And now the code:
\documentclass{standalone}
%\url{http://tex.stackexchange.com/q/26866/86}
\usepackage{amsmath,tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{matrix}
\newlength\mtxrowsep \setlength\mtxrowsep{1.5ex}
\newlength\mtxcolsep \setlength\mtxcolsep{2\arraycolsep}
\tikzset{
ams/.style={
baseline=-.7ex,
every delimiter/.style={yshift=-1pt},
every left delimiter/.style={xshift=2pt},
every right delimiter/.style={xshift=-2pt},
every node/.style={inner sep=0pt},
},
ams matrix/.style={
inner sep=1pt,
column sep=\mtxcolsep,
row sep=\mtxrowsep,
% ampersand replacement=\&,
matrix of math nodes,
},
bmatrix/.style={
ams,
every matrix/.style={
ams matrix,
left delimiter={[},
right delimiter={]},
}
},
Bmatrix/.style={
ams,
every matrix/.style={
ams matrix,
left delimiter={\lbrace},
right delimiter={\rbrace},
}
},
pmatrix/.style={
ams,
every matrix/.style={
ams matrix,
left delimiter={(},
right delimiter={)},
}
},
vmatrix/.style={
ams,
every matrix/.style={
ams matrix,
left delimiter={|},
right delimiter={|},
}
},
Vmatrix/.style={
ams,
every matrix/.style={
ams matrix,
left delimiter={\|},
right delimiter={\|},
}
},
}
\let\matamp=&
\catcode`\&=13
\makeatletter
\def&{\iftikz@is@matrix
\pgfmatrixnextcell
\else
\matamp
\fi}
\makeatother
%\usepackage{environ}
\def\endtikzmatrix{\\\egroup;\end{tikzpicture}}
\foreach \mtype in {b,B,p,v,V} {
\expandafter\xdef\csname tikz\mtype matrix\endcsname{%
\noexpand\begin{tikzpicture}[\mtype matrix]
\noexpand\matrix \noexpand\bgroup}
\expandafter\global\expandafter\let\csname endtikz\mtype matrix\endcsname=\endtikzmatrix
}
\begin{document}
\foreach \mtype in {b,B,p,v,V} {
\edef\metype{\mtype matrix}
\edef\tmetype{tikz\mtype matrix}
\begin{gather*}
\begin{tikzpicture}[\metype]
\matrix (m) {
a & b \\ c & d \\};
\end{tikzpicture}
\begin{\tmetype} a & b \\ c & d \end{\tmetype}
\begin{\metype} a & b \\ c & d \end{\metype}
\end{gather*}
}
\end{document}
(The \foreach loops are just to save me cut-and-pasting a lot.)
This uses tikz to place (overlay) the tag, consequently it takes two runs to position the tags correctly.
It ignores whether the equation is too wide, since it may not be too wide where the tag is. \taghere does provide an optional argument to apply additional vertical offset.
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{tikz}
\makeatletter
\newif\iftag@here
\newcommand*{\taghere}[1][0pt]% #1 = additional vertical offset (optional)
{\ifmeasuring@\else% do not expand until displayed
\global\tag@heretrue
\tikz[remember picture,overlay]{\coordinate (taghere) at (0pt,#1);}%
\fi}
\def\place@tag{%
\iftagsleft@
\kern-\tagshift@
\iftag@here
\global\tag@herefalse
\tikz[remember picture,overlay]%
{\path (taghere) -| node[anchor=base]{\rlap{\boxz@}} (0pt,0pt);}%
\else
\if1\shift@tag\row@\relax
\rlap{\vbox{%
\normalbaselines
\boxz@
\vbox to\lineht@{}%
\raise@tag
}}%
\else
\rlap{\boxz@}%
\fi
\kern\displaywidth@
\fi% end of \iftag@here
\else
\kern-\tagshift@
\iftag@here
\global\tag@herefalse
\tikz[remember picture,overlay]%
{\path (taghere) -| node[anchor=base]{\llap{\boxz@}} (0pt,0pt);}%
\else
\if1\shift@tag\row@\relax
\llap{\vtop{%
\raise@tag
\normalbaselines
\setbox\@ne\null
\dp\@ne\lineht@
\box\@ne
\boxz@
}}%
\else \llap{\boxz@}%
\fi
\fi% end of \iftas@here
\fi
}
\makeatother
\begin{document}
\begin{align}
x &= 1234[\!\begin{aligned}[t]
&(a+b)\\
&(c+d+e)\\
&(f+g)\taghere]
\end{aligned}\\
\begin{split}
y &= 5[(h+i)+j]\\
&= 6[\!\begin{aligned}[t]
&(k+l)\\
&(m+n+o)\taghere]
\end{aligned}
\end{split}\\
z &= \begin{cases}
1 & x>0\\
0 & \textrm{otherwise}\taghere
\end{cases}
\end{align}
\end{document}
Best Answer
In-text equations can (and probably always should) be bounded by
$symbols. That is, you get the desired alignment with