[Tex/LaTex] Making the product operator (pi caps) with the extremes above and below the symbol

math-modemath-operators

How can I make the symbol of product operator (pi caps) making the extremes remain the same above and below the symbol? (I do not want the extremes on the right side of the symbol) I wanna write this symbol with that conditions in the simplest possible way.

Best Answer

Please be aware that the default behaviour in displaymath mode is for the limits to appear above and below the symbol:

\[
  \prod_{i = 1}^{n} a_{i} \quad \sum_{i = 1}^{n} a_{i} \quad \lim_{n
    \to \infty} n^{2}
\]

enter image description here

The only exception to this is integrals:

\[
  \int_{0}^{\infty} x^{2} \, dx
\]

enter image description here

The default behaviour in inline math mode is for the limits to appear to the side, e.g.

$\prod_{i = 1}^{n} a_{i} \quad \sum_{i = 1}^{n} a_{i} \quad \lim_{n
  \to \infty} n^{2}$

enter image description here

The reason for this is to avoid irregular spacing between lines and excessive white space.

Compare:

enter image description here

With:

enter image description here

However, to force the limits to appear above and below in inline math mode you can use \limits as suggested by Christian Hupfer.

$\prod\limits_{i = 1}^{n} a_{i} \quad \sum\limits_{i = 1}^{n} a_{i}
\quad \lim\limits_{n \to \infty} n^{2}$

enter image description here

And to force the limits to appear to the side in displaymath mode, you can use \nolimits

\[
  \prod\nolimits_{i = 1}^{n} a_{i} \quad \sum\nolimits_{i = 1}^{n}
  a_{i} \quad \lim\nolimits_{n \to \infty} n^{2}
\]

enter image description here

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