formattingknitr
If my knitr output was a pdf, then I can begin my document as follows to have the text double spaced:
title: My Title
author: "My Name"
date: "Today's Date"
header-includes:
- \usepackage{setspace}
- \doublespacing
output: pdf_document
However, if I change the output to html_document, the text remains single spaced. Is there a way to get it to be double spaced?
knitr has a few pretty straightforward ways of handling this.
knit_child() with inline R codeSay your setup is like the following. In the same directory, you have:
graph.R## ---- graph
library(ggplot2)
CarPlot <- ggplot() +
stat_summary(data= mtcars,
aes(x = factor(gear),
y = mpg
),
fun.y = "mean",
geom = "bar"
)
CarPlot
chapter1.RnwHey, look, a graph (Figure~\ref{fig:graph})!
<<graph, echo=FALSE, message=FALSE, fig.lp='fig:', out.width='.5\\linewidth', fig.align='center', fig.cap="A graph", fig.pos='h!'>>=
@
main.Rnw\documentclass{article}
\begin{document}
<<external-code, echo=FALSE, cache=FALSE>>=
read_chunk('./graph.R')
@
\Sexpr{knit_child('chapter1.Rnw')}
\end{document}
Then, you can knit the main.Rnw file and compile the resulting .tex file with either pdflatex or xelatex.
The output is:
Note that you can also read the external .R file from the child .Rnw file.
So, the following would have worked just as well.
chapter1-mod.Rnw<<external-code, echo=FALSE, cache=FALSE>>=
read_chunk('./graph.R')
@
Hey, look, a graph (Figure~\ref{fig:graph})!
<<graph, echo=FALSE, message=FALSE, fig.lp='fig:', out.width='.5\\linewidth', fig.align='center', fig.cap="A graph", fig.pos='h!'>>=
@
main-mod.Rnw\documentclass{article}
\begin{document}
\Sexpr{knit_child('chapter1-mod.Rnw')}
\end{document}
childAssuming you have graph.R and chapter1.Rnw from above in the same directory, then your main.Rnw should be:
\documentclass{article}
\begin{document}
<<external-code, echo=FALSE, cache=FALSE>>=
read_chunk('./graph.R')
@
<<child-demo, child='chapter1.Rnw'>>=
@
\end{document}
Note that you can also read the external .R file from within the child document in this case, too.
So, assuming you had graph.R and chapter1-mod.Rnw from above in the same directory, then your main-mod.Rnw file should be:
\documentclass{article}
\begin{document}
<<child-demo, child='chapter1-mod.Rnw'>>=
@
\end{document}
With \lstdefinestyle you can define as many styles as you wish; then you can use \lstnewenvironment to define new listing environments using those new styles; in this way you can easily change the styles for your listings as required. You can still use \lstset to set general settings (applicable to all the listings). A simple example:
\documentclass[]{article}
\usepackage{listings}
\usepackage[dvipsnames]{xcolor}
\lstset{ %<- general settings
columns=fixed,
basicstyle=\ttfamily,
frame=single,
keepspaces=true,
showstringspaces=false,
numbers=none}
\lstdefinestyle{myRstyle}{
backgroundcolor=\color[gray]{0.95},
}
\lstdefinestyle{mySstyle}{
backgroundcolor=\color{red!30},
}
\lstnewenvironment{myR}
{\lstset{language=R,style=myRstyle}}
{}
\lstnewenvironment{myS}
{\lstset{language=R,style=mySstyle}}
{}
\begin{document}
Here's some regular text.
\begin{lstlisting}
## speed dist
## Min. : 4.0 Min. : 2
## 1st Qu.:12.0 1st Qu.: 26
## Median :15.0 Median : 36
## Mean :15.4 Mean : 43
## 3rd Qu.:19.0 3rd Qu.: 56
## Max. :25.0 Max. :120
\end{lstlisting}
\begin{myR}
## speed dist
## Min. : 4.0 Min. : 2
## 1st Qu.:12.0 1st Qu.: 26
## Median :15.0 Median : 36
## Mean :15.4 Mean : 43
## 3rd Qu.:19.0 3rd Qu.: 56
## Max. :25.0 Max. :120
\end{myR}
\begin{myS}
## speed dist
## Min. : 4.0 Min. : 2
## 1st Qu.:12.0 1st Qu.: 26
## Median :15.0 Median : 36
## Mean :15.4 Mean : 43
## 3rd Qu.:19.0 3rd Qu.: 56
## Max. :25.0 Max. :120
\end{myS}
\end{document}
It's better to load xcolor instead of color; the usenames option for xcolor is deprecated and there's no need to use it.
Best Answer
I assume you are using RStudio, so I am writing from this perspective. There are two aspects to this question. First, you need to understand how linespacing is defined for HTML documents. Then we need to discuss how
knitrappliesstyleinformation.Line spacing in HTML documents can be adjusted locally by applying a
styleattribute to elements , or globally, with an external cascading stylesheet, a.cssfile, or an internal style definition.For the local approach, you can use the following style attribute to the
<p>tag, to set a single paragraph doublespaced<p style="line-height: 2em;"> ... </p>(one paragraph); or multiple paragraphs (even the whole document) you can use a<div>tag instead:<div style="line-height: 2em;"> ... </div>(spanning whatever you need).Globally you can apply the line-height definition e.g. to all
<p>elements via a style-sheet by specifyingp {line-height: 2em;}in a file e.g.mystyle.cssand loading it into your HTML document with the declaration<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="mystyle.css">in the<head>...</head>block of the HTML document. This would be considered the most principled solution that cleanly separates formatting from contents. But you no longer have a standalone file, rather your external stylesheet needs to be located somewhere under the webroot directory, where your server can access it and serve it together with your document. However you can achieve the same thing with an internal stylesheet, by placing the following block:in the header of your HTML file, or adding this line to whatever style information is already there. This will give you an entirely double-spaced HTML document .
So far the HTML. There are several ways to get
knitrto produce such a double-spaced HTML file:you can tell
knitrto include your own external stylesheet by specifying this in the YAML header of your .Rmd document.(Note indentation! The file needs to be located in your home directory - or you need to add a path.) This requires the use of two files.
You can add the internal style information to the pandoc template used for making html files. This would only be reasonable if there is much more style information that you want to customize. See here for more information.
Or, since markdown allows raw HTML, you can simply add
<div style="line-height: 2em;">...</div>as the first respectively last line of your.Rmddocument. This makes the double-space self-contained and has the added advantage that you can skip over parts of the document that should be single-spaced after all. This is probably what I would do.For even more ideas, you can refer to the documentation here.