I'll start with the example
As you can see, the HTTP/1.0 is not justified. If it were a normal word, I would add it to hyphenation rules. But obviously I can't split this one. So how can I force it to be on a new line and do the thing automatically?
[Tex/LaTex] How to force some words to start on a new line when they tend to overflow
line-breaking
Related Solutions
The issue seems to be that LaTeX doesn't hyphenate the first word in a paragraph. I don't know if there's a way to enable that globally, but in your case, adding \hspace{0pt} without a space afterwards solves the issue:
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{longtable}
\begin{document}
\begin{longtable}{|p{0.1\textwidth} | p{0.3\textwidth}|} \hline
Text & Remarks \\ \hline
new zoogeographical region & \\ \hline
\hspace{0pt}zoogeographical region & \\ \hline
\end{longtable}
\end{document}
To automate this process and apply \hspace{0pt} to every cell (in a column) to simplify automated table generation, you can use the >{...} syntax from the array package, which adds ... to the beginning of every cell in the respective column. Here are the lines I had to change/add in comparison to the MWE above.
...
\usepackage{array}
...
\begin{longtable}{|>{\hspace{0pt}}p{0.1\textwidth} | p{0.3\textwidth}|} \hline
...
(The output looks the same.)
You could specify your chapter using
\chapter[Quantum orbits as trajectories through complex time and complex \texorpdfstring{\\}{} space]% ToC/Header
{Quantum orbits as trajectories through complex time and complex space}% Document
% Correct header setup to not insert a line break
\markboth{\thechapter.\ Quantum orbits as trajectories through complex time and complex space}{}
The optional argument to \chapter sets the ToC and header entries. So we replicate the usual \chaptermark to correct for inserting a line-break inside the header.
Alternatively, increase the page number width inside the ToC and/or set the alignment of chapter-related entries to include a \raggedright alignment:
\cftsetpnumwidth{3em}% Default is 1.55em
\cftchapfont{\bfseries\raggedright}% Default is \bfseries
memoir provides the option of explicitly setting all three possibilities via
\chapter[<toc>][<head>]{<title>}
Best Answer
A very good package to improve line breaks is microtype (
\usepackage{microtype}).