[Tex/LaTex] Horizontal waterfall chart with labels for each bar

bar chartpgfplotstikz-pgf

I've looked through similar questions here and here, but I'm still stuck. Basically what I'm trying to achieve is this plus bar labels:

enter image description here

I have two problems:

1) My code sucks. Right now the y-axis labels and the waterfall connectors are placed manually, which is suboptimal since I'll be making 15 or so versions of the chart.

2) I can't get the bar labels to show up in the right place. I've used Jake's Centered Nodes Near Coords solution before (can't find the reference stack exchange question at the moment), but for some reason they refuse to go in the proper place in this example.

Any suggestions on how to improve this / make the labels work would be greatly appreciated.

[EDIT] I really need an answer using PGFplots, please. This needs a quick turnaround and I don't have time to learn a different .cvs to latex implementation.

MWE:

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{pgfplots, pgfplotstable}
\usepackage{filecontents}

\pgfdeclareplotmark{waterfall bridge}{\pgfpathmoveto{\pgfpoint{0pt}{33pt}}\pgfpathlineto{\pgfpoint{0pt}{9pt}}\pgfusepathqstroke}
\pgfdeclareplotmark{waterfall bridge 2}{\pgfpathmoveto{\pgfpoint{0pt}{19pt}}\pgfpathlineto{\pgfpoint{0pt}{-5pt}}\pgfusepathqstroke}
\pgfdeclareplotmark{waterfall bridge 3}{\pgfpathmoveto{\pgfpoint{0pt}{5pt}}\pgfpathlineto{\pgfpoint{0pt}{-19pt}}\pgfusepathqstroke}
\pgfdeclareplotmark{waterfall bridge 4}{\pgfpathmoveto{\pgfpoint{0pt}{-9pt}}\pgfpathlineto{\pgfpoint{0pt}{-33pt}}\pgfusepathqstroke}
%~~ALL OF THE MARK POSITIONING IS UGLY~~
% I would like them to use relative, rather than absolute, positioning

\begin{filecontents}{datatable.csv}
2 3 2 -6 -3
\end{filecontents}

\makeatletter
\pgfplotsset{
    calculate xoffset/.code={
        \pgfkeys{/pgf/fpu=true,/pgf/fpu/output format=fixed}
        \pgfmathsetmacro\labelshift{(\pgfplotspointmeta*10^\pgfplots@data@scale@trafo@EXPONENT@x)/2)*\pgfplots@x@veclength)}
        \pgfkeys{/pgf/fpu=false}
        },
    nodes near coords horizontally centered/.style={
        every node near coord/.append style={
            /pgfplots/calculate xoffset,
            xshift=-\labelshift,yshift=-.25pt
            },
        nodes near coords align=center
    }
}
\makeatother

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}[
        xbar stacked,
        point meta=explicit,
        nodes near coords horizontally centered, %~~THIS ISN'T WORKING~~
        bar width=10pt,
        axis x line*=bottom,
        axis on top=true,
        ytick style={opacity=0},
       yticklabel style={font=\small, text width=2cm, align=center},
       x axis line style={opacity=0},
       y axis line style={opacity=0},
        y dir=reverse,
        ytick={-.35,-.175,0,.175,.35}, %~~THIS IS UGLY!~~
        yticklabels={
                label1,label2,label3,label4,label5
            },
    ]
      \addplot[
        fill=cyan,
        draw=none,
        bar shift=28pt,
        mark options={
            lightgray,
            thick,
        },
        mark=waterfall bridge,
      ] table [y expr=\coordindex, x index=0, meta index=0] {datatable.csv};
      \addplot[
        fill=orange,
        draw=none,
        bar shift=14pt,
        mark options={
            lightgray,
            thick,
        },
        mark=waterfall bridge 2,
      ] table [y expr=\coordindex, x index=1, meta index=1] {datatable.csv};
      \addplot[
        fill=blue,
        draw=none,
        bar shift=0pt,
        mark options={
            lightgray,
            thick,
        },
        mark=waterfall bridge 3,
      ] table [y expr=\coordindex, x index=2, meta index=2] {datatable.csv};
      \addplot[
        fill=red,
        draw=none,
        bar shift=-14pt,
        mark options={
            lightgray,
            thick,
        },
        mark=waterfall bridge 4,
      ] table [y expr=\coordindex, x index=3, meta index=3] {datatable.csv};
      \addplot[
        fill=yellow,
        draw=none,
        bar shift=-28pt,
      ] table [y expr=\coordindex, x index=4, meta index=4] {datatable.csv};
    \draw[ultra thin,lightgray] (axis cs:0,\pgfkeysvalueof{/pgfplots/ymin}) -- (axis cs:0,\pgfkeysvalueof{/pgfplots/ymax}); % adds x=0 line
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}


\end{document}

Best Answer

Well, just for fun (and to better learn new tools) I did an implementation in lua, which can be run through LuaLatex.

The lua code reads from an external .cvs, in which data is expected to be in different lines (a number per line), and generates a tikz graphic which self-adapts its axis to the data read. Also, the generated tikz defines a set of coordinates named row1, row2 and so on located a the center of each bar, and a coordinate named min located at the x position of the leftmost bar. These coordinates can be used to put labels in the diagram, either centered on the bars or at the left of the graphic.

The colors used in the graphic are user-definable. If there are less colors than bars, they are cycled.

This is the LaTeX code:

\documentclass{book}
\usepackage{xcolor}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{filecontents}
\directlua{dofile("luaFunctions.lua")}

%create a pair of datafiles
\begin{filecontents*}{datafile1.csv}
  2
  3
  2
  -6
  -3
\end{filecontents*}
\begin{filecontents*}{datafile2.csv}
  3 
  4 
  2 
  3 
  -4   
  -6
  2 
  -5
\end{filecontents*}

% latex commands to execute the lua functions
\def\waterfallChart#1{\directlua{waterfallChart("#1")}}
\def\setColors#1{%
   \directlua{emptyColors()}%
   \foreach \c in {#1} {\directlua{addColor("\c")}}
}

% set some styles
\tikzset{bar connection/.style = {black!50, thick}}
\setColors{cyan!80!black!50, orange, blue!80!black, red, yellow}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture} % First graph
  \waterfallChart{datafile1.csv}  % This draws the chart
  % Now, adding labels, centered at each bar
  \foreach \label [count=\n from 1] in {foo, bar, bad, foobar, spam}
    \node at (row\n) {\label};
\end{tikzpicture}

\vskip 2cm

\begin{tikzpicture} % Second graph
  \setColors{brown,red,orange}   % Different colors for this one
  \waterfallChart{datafile2.csv} % Draw the chart
  % Put labels (at the left of the figure in this case)
  \foreach \label [count=\n from 1] in {foo, bar, bad, foobar, spam, eggs, lorem, ipsum}
    \node[left] at (row\n-|min) {\label};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

This is the result:

Result

And this is the content of the file luaFunctions.lua:

colors = {"blue","green"}  -- Default colors

function readDataFile(filename)
    local input = io.open(filename, 'r')
    local dataTable = {}
    local n
    for line in input:lines() do
       table.insert(dataTable, line)
    end
    input:close()
    return dataTable
end

function emptyColors()
    colors = {}
end

function addColor(c)
    table.insert(colors,c)
end

function computeExtremes(dataTable)
    local max, min, x
    x = 0.0
    min = 0.0
    max = 0.0
    for i,p in ipairs(dataTable) do
        x = x + p
        if (x<min) then min = x end
        if (x>max) then max = x end
    end
    return min, max
end

function waterfallChart(filename)
    local data = readDataFile(filename)
    local min, max, n_steps, step, color, xpos, ypos, barwidth, aux, spread

    -- Configure here as required
    barwidth = 0.5  -- Height of each bar in the chart
    spread = 1.4    -- Distance among baselines of the bars (in barwidth units)
    n_ticks = 6     -- Number of ticks in the x-axis

    min, max = computeExtremes(data)
    step = (max-min)/n_ticks
    max = min + n_ticks*step
    xpos = 0.0
    ypos = 0.0
    aux = 0
    -- Draw axes
    -- Vertical axis
    tex.print(string.format("\\draw (0,%f) -- (0, %f);",
               1.1*barwidth, -#data*spread*barwidth))
    -- Horizontal axis
    tex.print(string.format("\\foreach \\tick in {%d, %d, ..., %d}",
              min, min+step, max))
    tex.print(string.format("  \\draw (\\tick, %f) -- +(0, -2mm) node[below] {\\tick};",
              -#data*spread*barwidth))
    tex.print(string.format("\\coordinate (min) at (%f,%f);",
                  min+0.0, -#data*spread*barwidth))

    -- Draw the bars
    color = 1
    for i,p in ipairs(data) do
        tex.print(string.format("\\fill[%s] (%f,%f) rectangle +(%f, %f) coordinate[midway] (row%d);",
                  colors[color], xpos, ypos, p+0.0, barwidth, i))
        tex.print(string.format("\\draw[bar connection] (%f, %f) -- +(0,%f);",
                  xpos, ypos, spread*aux*barwidth))
        aux =   1
        ypos = ypos - spread*barwidth
        xpos = xpos + 1.0 * p
        color = color + 1
        if (color > #colors) then color = 1; end
    end
end

Related Solutions

[Tex/LaTex] Waterfall Chart

You can use ybar stacked with an invisible third series for getting the vertical offset, and a const plot for the connecting lines. To place the labels, you can use the approach from Center nodes near coords in a stacked ybar plot.

Here's an example:

\documentclass[border=5mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{pgfplots, pgfplotstable}
\usepackage{filecontents}

\pgfplotsset{compat=1.5.1}

\begin{filecontents}{datatable.csv}
13  9
 1  2
 2  6
16 17
\end{filecontents}


\pgfplotstableset{
    create on use/accumyprev/.style={
        create col/expr={\prevrow{0}+\prevrow{1}+\pgfmathaccuma}
    }
}


% Style for centering the labels
\makeatletter
\pgfplotsset{
    centered nodes near coords/.style={
    calculate offset/.code={
        \pgfkeys{/pgf/fpu=true,/pgf/fpu/output format=fixed}
        \pgfmathsetmacro\testmacro{(\pgfplotspointmeta*10^\pgfplots@data@scale@trafo@EXPONENT@y)/2*\pgfplots@y@veclength)}
        \pgfkeys{/pgf/fpu=false}
    },
    every node near coord/.style={
        /pgfplots/calculate offset,
        yshift=-\testmacro,
        black,
        font=\scriptsize,
    },
    nodes near coords align=center
    }
}
\makeatother


\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}[
    no markers,
    ybar stacked,
    ymin=0,
    point meta=explicit,
    centered nodes near coords, 
    axis lines*=left,
    xtick=data,
    major tick length=0pt,
    xticklabels={
        Enhanced operational efficiency,
        Reduced fraud and error,
        Increased tax collection,
        Total
    },
    xticklabel style={font=\small, text width=2cm, align=center},
    ytick=\empty,
    y axis line style={opacity=0},
    ylabel=\textsterling billion p.a. (lower and upper bounds),
    ylabel style={font=\small},
    axis on top
]

% The first plot sets the "baseline": Uses the sum of all previous y values, except for the last bar, where it becomes 0
\addplot +[
    y filter/.code={\ifnum\coordindex>2 \def\pgfmathresult{0}\fi},
    draw=none,
    fill=none
] table [x expr=\coordindex, y=accumyprev] {datatable.csv};

% The lower bound
\addplot +[
    fill=orange,
    draw=orange,
    ybar stacked,
    nodes near coords
] table [x expr=\coordindex, y index=0, meta index=0] {datatable.csv};

% The upper bound
\addplot +[
    ybar stacked,
    draw=orange!50,
    fill=orange!50,
    nodes near coords
] table [x expr=\coordindex, y index=1, meta index=1] {datatable.csv};

% The connecting line. Uses a bit of magic to typeset the ranges
\addplot [
    const plot, black,
    point meta={
        TeX code symbolic={
            \pgfkeys{/pgf/fpu/output format=fixed}
            \pgfmathtruncatemacro\upperbound{
                \thisrowno{0} + \thisrowno{1}
            }
            \edef\dostuff{
                \noexpand\def\noexpand\pgfplotspointmeta{%
                    \thisrowno{0}--\upperbound%
                }
            }%
            \dostuff
        }
    },
    nodes near coords=\pgfplotspointmeta,
    every node near coord/.style={
        font=\scriptsize,
        anchor=south
    },
] table [x expr=\coordindex, y expr=0] {datatable.csv};
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

[Tex/LaTex] plotting two time series with bounds

This happens because PGFPlots only uses one "stack" per axis: You're stacking the second confidence interval on top of the first. The easiest way to fix this is probably to use the approach described in "Is there an easy way of using line thickness as error indicator in a plot?": After plotting the first confidence interval, stack the upper bound on top again, using stack dir=minus. That way, the stack will be reset to zero, and you can draw the second confidence interval in the same fashion as the first:

\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{pgfplots, tikz}

\usepackage{pgfplotstable}

\pgfplotstableread{
temps   y_h y_h__inf    y_h__sup    y_f y_f__inf    y_f__sup    

1   0.237340    0.135170    0.339511    0.237653    0.135482    0.339823    
2   0.561320    0.422007    0.700633    0.165871    0.026558    0.305184    
3   0.694760    0.534205    0.855314    0.074856    -0.085698   0.235411    
4   0.728306    0.560179    0.896432    0.003361    -0.164765   0.171487    
5   0.711710    0.544944    0.878477    -0.044582   -0.211349   0.122184    
6   0.671241    0.511191    0.831291    -0.073347   -0.233397   0.086703    
7   0.621177    0.471219    0.771135    -0.088418   -0.238376   0.061540    
8   0.569354    0.431826    0.706882    -0.094382   -0.231910   0.043146    
9   0.519973    0.396571    0.643376    -0.094619   -0.218022   0.028783    
10  0.475121    0.366990    0.583251    -0.091467   -0.199598   0.016664    
}{\table}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}

    \begin{axis}
    % y_h confidence interval
    \addplot [stack plots=y, fill=none, draw=none, forget plot]   table [x=temps, y=y_h__inf]   {\table} \closedcycle;
    \addplot [stack plots=y, fill=gray!50, opacity=0.4, draw opacity=0, area legend]   table [x=temps, y expr=\thisrow{y_h__sup}-\thisrow{y_h__inf}]   {\table} \closedcycle;
    % subtract the upper bound so our stack is back at zero
    \addplot [stack plots=y, stack dir=minus, forget plot, draw=none] table [x=temps, y=y_h__sup] {\table};

    % y_f confidence interval
    \addplot [stack plots=y, fill=none, draw=none, forget plot]   table [x=temps, y=y_f__inf]   {\table} \closedcycle;
    \addplot [stack plots=y, fill=gray!50, opacity=0.4, draw opacity=0, area legend]   table [x=temps, y expr=\thisrow{y_f__sup}-\thisrow{y_f__inf}]   {\table} \closedcycle;

    % the line plots (y_h and y_f)    
    \addplot [stack plots=false, very thick,smooth,blue]  table [x=temps, y=y_h]   {\table};
    \addplot [stack plots=false, very thick,smooth,blue]  table [x=temps, y=y_f]   {\table};
    \end{axis}

\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Best Answer

Related Solutions

[Tex/LaTex] Waterfall Chart

[Tex/LaTex] plotting two time series with bounds

Related Question