biblatex
I'm using the package;
\documentclass[a4paper, twoside, 11pt]{report}
\usepackage[sorting = none, backend = bibtex]{biblatex}
\addbibresource{Refs.bib}
to get my references. But I want to refer to multiple references so it looks like [1-5], but I get only [1,2,3,4,5].
What must I do to get the citations to look like [1-5] instead of [1,2,3,4,5]?
This problem is due to biblatex-apa's (apa.bbx's) apaauthor name format; you might want to notify the author of this small bug.
The string and others in the author list sets ifmorenames to true. apaauthor checks for this case whenever a name is printed, not just at the very end of the list; consequently it prints the andothers string ("et al.") after each name.
The fix is to add the following lines to your preamble.
\DeclareNameFormat{apaauthor}{%
\ifthenelse{\value{listcount}=\maxprtauth\AND\value{listcount}<\value{listtotal}}
{\addcomma\addspace\ldots\addspace}
{\ifthenelse{\value{listcount}>\maxprtauth\AND\value{listcount}<\value{listtotal}}
{}
{\ifthenelse{\iffieldequalstr{doubtfulauthor}{true}}
{\mkbibbrackets{\usebibmacro{name:apa:last-first}{#1}{#3}{#4}{#5}{#7}?}}
{\usebibmacro{name:apa:last-first}{#1}{#3}{#4}{#5}{#7}}}}%
\ifthenelse{\value{listcount}=\value{listtotal}}% this test is new
{\ifmorenames{\andothersdelim\bibstring{andothers}}{}}{}}
The MWE
\RequirePackage{filecontents}
\begin{filecontents*}{\jobname.bib}
@Article{boker2011,
Author = {Boker, S. and Neale, M. and Maes, H. and Wilde, M. and
Spiegel, M. and Brick, T. and Spies, J. and Estabrook,
R. and Kenny, S. and Bates, T. and others},
Title = {Open{M}x: {A}n open source extended structural
equation modeling framework},
Journal = {Psychometrika},
Volume = {76},
Number = {2},
Pages = {306--317},
year = 2011
}
\documentclass{apa6}
\usepackage[american]{babel}
\usepackage{csquotes}
\usepackage[style=apa,maxnames=999,sortcites=true,sorting=nyt,apabackref=true,backend=biber]{biblatex}
\DeclareLanguageMapping{american}{american-apa}
\addbibresource{\jobname.bib}
\addbibresource{biblatex-examples.bib}
\DeclareNameFormat{apaauthor}{%
\ifthenelse{\value{listcount}=\maxprtauth\AND\value{listcount}<\value{listtotal}}
{\addcomma\addspace\ldots\addspace}
{\ifthenelse{\value{listcount}>\maxprtauth\AND\value{listcount}<\value{listtotal}}
{}
{\ifthenelse{\iffieldequalstr{doubtfulauthor}{true}}
{\mkbibbrackets{\usebibmacro{name:apa:last-first}{#1}{#3}{#4}{#5}{#7}?}}
{\usebibmacro{name:apa:last-first}{#1}{#3}{#4}{#5}{#7}}}}%
\ifthenelse{\value{listcount}=\value{listtotal}}
{\ifmorenames{\andothersdelim\bibstring{andothers}}{}}{}}
\shorttitle{IFA}
\begin{document}
OpenMx \parencite{boker2011,aksin,wilde,murray}
\printbibliography
\end{document}
then yields
Update 2013-10: This has been corrected in biblatex-apa version 6.4 according to a comment below the question from user PLK.
As explained in my comments above, this has to do with the way biblatex-apa has to handle subsequent citations.
In APA style, the first citation has to contain a full list of authors while subsequent citations have only a very short truncated label of usually the first author plus "et al.".
This is implemented in apa.cbx by a very special labelname format, that labelname is however not printed at the first occurrence. This behaviour causes the displayed name and the namehash (which is based on labelname) to diverge in certain situations.
A fix is to change all the namehashes in apa.cbx to fullhash like so.
\makeatletter
\def\cbx@apa@ifnamesaved{%
\xifinlist{\thefield{fullhash}}{\cbx@apa@names}
{\@firstoftwo}
{\@secondoftwo}}
\newbibmacro*{cite:author}{%
\iffieldequals{fullhash}{\cbx@lasthash}
% Multiple cites in one command
{\setunit{\compcitedelim}%
\usebibmacro{cite:plabelyear+extrayear}}%
% Single cite
{\ifthenelse{\ifnameundef{labelname}\OR\iffieldequalstr{entrytype}{patent}}
% No author/editor
{\usebibmacro{cite:noname}%
\savefield{fullhash}{\cbx@lasthash}}
% Normal cite
{\ifnameundef{shortauthor}
{\printnames[labelname][-\value{listtotal}]{labelname}}%
{\cbx@apa@ifnamesaved
{\printnames{shortauthor}}
{\printnames[labelname][-\value{listtotal}]{author}\addspace\printnames[sabrackets]{shortauthor}}}%
\savefield{fullhash}{\cbx@lasthash}}}%
\setunit{\multicitedelim}}
\newbibmacro*{cite}{%
\iffieldequals{fullhash}{\cbx@lasthash}
% Multiple cites in one command
{\setunit{\compcitedelim}%
\usebibmacro{cite:plabelyear+extrayear}}%
% Single cite
{\ifthenelse{\ifnameundef{labelname}\OR\iffieldequalstr{entrytype}{patent}}
% No author/editor
{\usebibmacro{cite:noname}%
\setunit{\nameyeardelim}%
\usebibmacro{cite:plabelyear+extrayear}%
\savefield{fullhash}{\cbx@lasthash}}
% Normal cite
{\ifnameundef{shortauthor}
{\printnames[labelname][-\value{listtotal}]{labelname}}%
{\cbx@apa@ifnamesaved
{\printnames{shortauthor}}
{\printnames[labelname][-\value{listtotal}]{author}\addspace\printnames[sabrackets]{shortauthor}}}%
\setunit{\nameyeardelim}%
\usebibmacro{cite:plabelyear+extrayear}%
\savefield{fullhash}{\cbx@lasthash}}}%
\setunit{\multicitedelim}}
\newbibmacro*{textcite}{%
\iffieldequals{fullhash}{\cbx@lasthash}
% Compact cite - more than one thing for same author
{\setunit{\compcitedelim}%
\usebibmacro{cite:plabelyear+extrayear}}
% New cite
{%
\ifbool{cbx:parens}
{\bibcloseparen\global\boolfalse{cbx:parens}}
{}%
\setunit{\compcitedelim}%
\ifthenelse{\ifnameundef{labelname}\OR\iffieldequalstr{entrytype}{patent}}
% No author/editor or patent
{\iffieldundef{shorthand}%
% Cite using title
{\usebibmacro{cite:noname}%
\setunit{\ifbool{cbx:np}%
{\nameyeardelim}%
{\global\booltrue{cbx:parens}\addspace\bibopenparen}}%
\usebibmacro{cite:plabelyear+extrayear}}
% Cite using shorthand
{\usebibmacro{cite:shorthand}}}
% Normal cite with author/editor
% Normal full cite
{\ifnameundef{shortauthor}%
% Normal full cite
{\printnames[labelname][-\value{listtotal}]{labelname}}
% Cite using short author
{\cbx@apa@ifnamesaved
{\printnames{shortauthor}}
{\printnames[labelname][-\value{listtotal}]{author}}}%
% Year
\setunit{\ifbool{cbx:np}
{\nameyeardelim}
{\global\booltrue{cbx:parens}\addspace\bibopenparen}}%
% Put the shortauthor inside the year brackets if necessary
\ifnameundef{shortauthor}
{}
{\cbx@apa@ifnamesaved
{}
{\printnames{shortauthor}\setunit{\nameyeardelim}}}%
% Actual year printing
\usebibmacro{cite:plabelyear+extrayear}%
% Save name hash for checks later
\savefield{fullhash}{\cbx@lasthash}}}}
\newbibmacro*{citeyear}{%
\iffieldundef{labelyear}
{\usebibmacro{cite:init}}
{\iffieldequals{fullhash}{\cbx@lasthash}
{\setunit{\compcitedelim}%
\usebibmacro{cite:plabelyear+extrayear}}
{\usebibmacro{cite:plabelyear+extrayear}%
\savefield{fullhash}{\cbx@lasthash}}}%
\setunit{\multicitedelim}}
\newbibmacro*{cite:post}{%
\xifinlist{\thefield{fullhash}}{\cbx@apa@names}
{}
{\listxadd{\cbx@apa@names}{\thefield{fullhash}}}}
\makeatother
The MWE
\documentclass{scrartcl}
\usepackage{csquotes}
\usepackage[ngerman]{babel}
\usepackage[style=apa, backend=biber]{biblatex}
\DeclareLanguageMapping{ngerman}{ngerman-apa} % for language switching
\usepackage{filecontents}
\begin{filecontents*}{\jobname.bib}
@MISC{john_big_1991,
author = {John, Oliver P. and Donahue, E. M. and Kentle, R. L.},
title = {The Big Five Inventory--Versions 4a and 54},
date = {1991},
langid = {american},
publisher = {Berkeley, {CA:} University of California, Berkeley, Institute of
Personality and Social Research}
}
@MISC{john_big_1992,
author = {John, Oliver P. and Donahue, E. M. and Kentle, R. L.},
title = {The Big Five Inventory--Versions 4b and 5},
date = {1992},
langid = {american},
publisher = {Berkeley, {CA:} University of California, Berkeley, Institute of
Personality and Social Research}
}
@INCOLLECTION{john_paradigm_2008,
author = {John, Oliver P. and Naumann, Laura P. and Soto, Christopher J.},
editor = {John, Oliver P. and Robins, Richard W. and Pervin, Lawrence A.},
title = {Paradigm Shift to the Integrative Big Five Trait Taxonomy: History,
Measurement, and Conceptual Issues},
booktitle = {Handbook of personality: theory and research},
date = {2008},
edition = {3},
publisher = {Guilford Press},
location = {New York},
isbn = {9781593858360},
pages = {114-158},
langid = {american}
}
\end{filecontents*}
\bibliography{\jobname.bib}
\makeatletter
\def\cbx@apa@ifnamesaved{%
\xifinlist{\thefield{fullhash}}{\cbx@apa@names}
{\@firstoftwo}
{\@secondoftwo}}
\newbibmacro*{cite:author}{%
\iffieldequals{fullhash}{\cbx@lasthash}
% Multiple cites in one command
{\setunit{\compcitedelim}%
\usebibmacro{cite:plabelyear+extrayear}}%
% Single cite
{\ifthenelse{\ifnameundef{labelname}\OR\iffieldequalstr{entrytype}{patent}}
% No author/editor
{\usebibmacro{cite:noname}%
\savefield{fullhash}{\cbx@lasthash}}
% Normal cite
{\ifnameundef{shortauthor}
{\printnames[labelname][-\value{listtotal}]{labelname}}%
{\cbx@apa@ifnamesaved
{\printnames{shortauthor}}
{\printnames[labelname][-\value{listtotal}]{author}\addspace\printnames[sabrackets]{shortauthor}}}%
\savefield{fullhash}{\cbx@lasthash}}}%
\setunit{\multicitedelim}}
\newbibmacro*{cite}{%
\iffieldequals{fullhash}{\cbx@lasthash}
% Multiple cites in one command
{\setunit{\compcitedelim}%
\usebibmacro{cite:plabelyear+extrayear}}%
% Single cite
{\ifthenelse{\ifnameundef{labelname}\OR\iffieldequalstr{entrytype}{patent}}
% No author/editor
{\usebibmacro{cite:noname}%
\setunit{\nameyeardelim}%
\usebibmacro{cite:plabelyear+extrayear}%
\savefield{fullhash}{\cbx@lasthash}}
% Normal cite
{\ifnameundef{shortauthor}
{\printnames[labelname][-\value{listtotal}]{labelname}}%
{\cbx@apa@ifnamesaved
{\printnames{shortauthor}}
{\printnames[labelname][-\value{listtotal}]{author}\addspace\printnames[sabrackets]{shortauthor}}}%
\setunit{\nameyeardelim}%
\usebibmacro{cite:plabelyear+extrayear}%
\savefield{fullhash}{\cbx@lasthash}}}%
\setunit{\multicitedelim}}
\newbibmacro*{textcite}{%
\iffieldequals{fullhash}{\cbx@lasthash}
% Compact cite - more than one thing for same author
{\setunit{\compcitedelim}%
\usebibmacro{cite:plabelyear+extrayear}}
% New cite
{%
\ifbool{cbx:parens}
{\bibcloseparen\global\boolfalse{cbx:parens}}
{}%
\setunit{\compcitedelim}%
\ifthenelse{\ifnameundef{labelname}\OR\iffieldequalstr{entrytype}{patent}}
% No author/editor or patent
{\iffieldundef{shorthand}%
% Cite using title
{\usebibmacro{cite:noname}%
\setunit{\ifbool{cbx:np}%
{\nameyeardelim}%
{\global\booltrue{cbx:parens}\addspace\bibopenparen}}%
\usebibmacro{cite:plabelyear+extrayear}}
% Cite using shorthand
{\usebibmacro{cite:shorthand}}}
% Normal cite with author/editor
% Normal full cite
{\ifnameundef{shortauthor}%
% Normal full cite
{\printnames[labelname][-\value{listtotal}]{labelname}}
% Cite using short author
{\cbx@apa@ifnamesaved
{\printnames{shortauthor}}
{\printnames[labelname][-\value{listtotal}]{author}}}%
% Year
\setunit{\ifbool{cbx:np}
{\nameyeardelim}
{\global\booltrue{cbx:parens}\addspace\bibopenparen}}%
% Put the shortauthor inside the year brackets if necessary
\ifnameundef{shortauthor}
{}
{\cbx@apa@ifnamesaved
{}
{\printnames{shortauthor}\setunit{\nameyeardelim}}}%
% Actual year printing
\usebibmacro{cite:plabelyear+extrayear}%
% Save name hash for checks later
\savefield{fullhash}{\cbx@lasthash}}}}
\newbibmacro*{citeyear}{%
\iffieldundef{labelyear}
{\usebibmacro{cite:init}}
{\iffieldequals{fullhash}{\cbx@lasthash}
{\setunit{\compcitedelim}%
\usebibmacro{cite:plabelyear+extrayear}}
{\usebibmacro{cite:plabelyear+extrayear}%
\savefield{fullhash}{\cbx@lasthash}}}%
\setunit{\multicitedelim}}
\newbibmacro*{cite:post}{%
\xifinlist{\thefield{fullhash}}{\cbx@apa@names}
{}
{\listxadd{\cbx@apa@names}{\thefield{fullhash}}}}
\makeatother
\begin{document}
\parencite{john_big_1991}
\parencite{john_big_1992}
\parencite{john_big_1991,john_big_1992}
\parencite{john_big_1991,john_paradigm_2008}
\parencite{john_big_1991}
\parencite{john_big_1991}
\parencite{john_paradigm_2008}
\parencite{john_big_1991,john_paradigm_2008}
\printbibliography
\end{document}
gives the (arguably) expected result of
Best Answer
It looks like you want the style
numeric-comp