[Tex/LaTex] Extend double vertical bar

delimitersmath-mode

I'm trying to write an expression in math mode similar to this formula:

enter image description here

My LaTeX expression looks like this:

\min \| \begin{array}{c} ... \end{array} \|

but it happens that the double lines are short:

enter image description here

How can I extend the double vertical bar?

Best Answer

Use the \left ... \right construction. See page 60 and table 3.8 of the Not so short intro. to LaTeX for further details.

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\begin{document}
\[
\min \left\| \begin{bmatrix} A\\ \vdots \\ C\end{bmatrix} \right\|
\]
\end{document}

enter image description here

Related Solutions

[Tex/LaTex] Double vertical bar notation

This double bar should be treated as a binary relation, so it will be distinguishable from other usages, such as a norm.

The simplest way to cope with the problem is to use mathtools facilities:

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{mathtools}

\DeclarePairedDelimiterX{\infdivx}[2]{(}{)}{%
  #1\;\delimsize\|\;#2%
}
\newcommand{\infdiv}{D\infdivx}
\DeclarePairedDelimiter{\norm}{\lVert}{\rVert}


\begin{document}

\begin{gather}
D\left(P \middle\| Q\right) \rlap{\quad\itshape WRONG!} \\
% normal size
\infdiv{P}{Q} \\
% fixed size delimiters
\infdiv[\bigg]{\frac{\norm{P}}{2}}{Q} \\
% extensible delimiters
\infdiv*{\frac{\norm{P}}{2}}{Q}
\end{gather}

\end{document}

enter image description here

Note that number 1 is wrong in two respects: there is an unwanted space between the "D" and the left parenthesis; the two bars are too near the symbols, making for ambiguity.

[Tex/LaTex] Double Bar/Overline

Although I do not fully understand the macro \widebar defined in the answer you linked to, I have managed to modify it to work for other accents (including stacked accents).

Here is the code:

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%% This code is a slight modification of Hendrik Vogt's \widebar %%
%% See: https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/16337            %%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\makeatletter
\let\save@mathaccent\mathaccent
\newcommand*\if@single[3]{%
  \setbox0\hbox{${\mathaccent"0362{#1}}^H$}%
  \setbox2\hbox{${\mathaccent"0362{\kern0pt#1}}^H$}%
  \ifdim\ht0=\ht2 #3\else #2\fi
  }
%The bar will be moved to the right by a half of \macc@kerna, which is computed by amsmath:
\newcommand*\rel@kern[1]{\kern#1\dimexpr\macc@kerna}
%If there's a superscript following the bar, then no negative kern may follow the bar;
%an additional {} makes sure that the superscript is high enough in this case:
\newcommand*\wideaccent[2]{\@ifnextchar^{{\wide@accent{#1}{#2}{0}}}{\wide@accent{#1}{#2}{1}}}
%Use a separate algorithm for single symbols:
\newcommand*\wide@accent[3]{\if@single{#2}{\wide@accent@{#1}{#2}{#3}{1}}{\wide@accent@{#1}{#2}{#3}{2}}}
\newcommand*\wide@accent@[4]{%
  \begingroup
  \def\mathaccent##1##2{%
%Enable nesting of accents:
    \let\mathaccent\save@mathaccent
%If there's more than a single symbol, use the first character instead (see below):
    \if#42 \let\macc@nucleus\first@char \fi
%Determine the italic correction:
    \setbox\z@\hbox{$\macc@style{\macc@nucleus}_{}$}%
    \setbox\tw@\hbox{$\macc@style{\macc@nucleus}{}_{}$}%
    \dimen@\wd\tw@
    \advance\dimen@-\wd\z@
%Now \dimen@ is the italic correction of the symbol.
    \divide\dimen@ 3
    \@tempdima\wd\tw@
    \advance\@tempdima-\scriptspace
%Now \@tempdima is the width of the symbol.
    \divide\@tempdima 10
    \advance\dimen@-\@tempdima
%Now \dimen@ = (italic correction / 3) - (Breite / 10)
    \ifdim\dimen@>\z@ \dimen@0pt\fi
%The bar will be shortened in the case \dimen@<0 !
    \rel@kern{0.6}\kern-\dimen@
    \if#41
      #1{\rel@kern{-0.6}\kern\dimen@\macc@nucleus\rel@kern{0.4}\kern\dimen@}%
      \advance\dimen@0.4\dimexpr\macc@kerna
%Place the combined final kern (-\dimen@) if it is >0 or if a superscript follows:
      \let\final@kern#3%
      \ifdim\dimen@<\z@ \let\final@kern1\fi
      \if\final@kern1 \kern-\dimen@\fi
    \else
      #1{\rel@kern{-0.6}\kern\dimen@#2}%
    \fi
  }%
  \macc@depth\@ne
  \let\math@bgroup\@empty \let\math@egroup\macc@set@skewchar
  \mathsurround\z@ \frozen@everymath{\mathgroup\macc@group\relax}%
  \macc@set@skewchar\relax
  \let\mathaccentV\macc@nested@a
%The following initialises \macc@kerna and calls \mathaccent:
  \if#41
    \macc@nested@a\relax111{#2}%
  \else
%If the argument consists of more than one symbol, and if the first token is
%a letter, use that letter for the computations:
    \def\gobble@till@marker##1\endmarker{}%
    \futurelet\first@char\gobble@till@marker#2\endmarker
    \ifcat\noexpand\first@char A\else
      \def\first@char{}%
    \fi
    \macc@nested@a\relax111{\first@char}%
  \fi
  \endgroup
}
\makeatother
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\newcommand\doubleoverline[1]{\overline{\overline{#1}}}

\newcommand\widebar{\wideaccent\overline}
\newcommand\widebarbar{\wideaccent\doubleoverline}
\begin{document}

\begin{tabular}{cc}
$\widebar{A \cup B}$
&
$\widebarbar{A \cup B}$
\\
\verb$\widebar{A \cup B}$
&
\verb$\widebarbar{A \cup B}$
\end{tabular}

\end{document}

and here is the output:

Note that this also works for other combinations of accents:

\newcommand\hatoverline[1]{\widehat{\overline{#1}}}
\newcommand\widehatbar{\wideaccent\hatoverline}

\[
    \widehat{\widebar{A}} \neq \widehatbar{A}
\]

Best Answer

Related Solutions

[Tex/LaTex] Double vertical bar notation

[Tex/LaTex] Double Bar/Overline

Related Question