[Tex/LaTex] change font size in caption for selected figures

Question

I am trying to have some environments in my LaTeX document where the font in general is smaller than in the main text. This means that whenever I include a figure, the caption from the \begin{figure}... should have the same (smaller) font size. I found answers where the change is globally by providing the font size parameter to the caption package. Yet I was wondering if I could do this locally for some figures. Actually, I would like to know if this is possible in the definition of the exercise environment I have:

\usepackage[lastexercise]{exercise} % for exercise environment

% set font for exercise environment
\newcommand\ExerciseFont{\footnotesize}
\renewcommand\AtBeginAnswer{\ExerciseFont}
\renewcommand\AtBeginExercise{\ExerciseFont}

% change format of exercise environment
\renewcommand{\ExerciseHeader}{\ExerciseFont\textsc{
                \ExerciseName\ \ExerciseHeaderNB. \ExerciseHeaderTitle
                \ExerciseHeaderOrigin}}

% change font for answers header
\renewcommand{\AnswerHeader}{\ExerciseFont\textit{
                Solution:\ }}

Can I somehow change the font size for the figures in such environment?

Answer 1

You can define an \ExerciseCaption to use within the exercise. By using \captionsetup in caption.sty the caption can be changed locally.

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{caption}
\newcommand\ExerciseCaption[1]{%
  \captionsetup{font=footnotesize}%
  \caption{#1}}
\begin{document}

\begin{figure}
  \centering
  \includegraphics[scale=0.3]{example-image-a}
  \caption{Test 1}
  \label{TA}
\end{figure}

\begin{figure}
  \centering
  \includegraphics[scale=0.3]{example-image-b}
  \ExerciseCaption{Test 2}
  \label{TB}
\end{figure}

Figure \ref{TA} and Figure \ref{TB}
\end{document}