There are two parts to this problem. Both must be attended to simultaneously. Fixing either one separately won't solve the problem.
First, the compile is reading the .bbl
file, so that will need to be removed and rebuilt. But before removing it, it's worth looking at it to see if you can spot a place where the code looks flaky. (The .bbl
file wasn't shown in the question, so can't be specific.)
Next, look at the .bib
file. The obvious things to look for are incomplete entries -- missing closing braces or commas are the usual culprits, but that's not the case here. However, there's something else that appears to be incomplete:
After the entry beginning @BOOK{MG,
there is an incomplete entry beginning {Pan,
with no entry type. I can't say for sure that this is what has caused the problem, but it does need to be fixed. It looks like an entry from a journal, so change it to
@ARTICLE{Pan,
Then, after making sure the old .bbl
file has been removed, reprocess, recreating the .bbl
file from the updated .bib
file. Check to make sure there were no errors in the Bibtex run; that will create a .blg
file as a record, and it's worthwhile to become familiar with that, since errors in the Bibtex run will usually have repercussions in the LaTeX run, even if only to omit a reference (which will not stop the processing, but will leave an unresolved \cite
),
After compiling again with LaTeX, if the change to the .bib
file was correct, the job will finish, and the output will be what you expect.
Best Answer
The argument to
\begin{thebibliography}
is used for setting the hanging indentation of the bibliography items.If you use numeric labels, then the argument should be a single digit (
9
is commonly used) if there are less than ten items; two digits (commonly99
) if there are from 10 to 99 items and so on.If you use symbolic labels (say
Xyz12
orXY13
) like BibTeX creates with theabbrv
style, then you should pass the widest label, for instanceor whatever abbreviation is the widest.
The correct argument is needed in order to make the labels flush left and the bibliography items to have precise hanging indentation.
Note that BibTeX is able to figure out the widest label when writing the
thebibliography
environment to the.bbl
file.