[Tex/LaTex] Align equals sign in table

horizontal alignmenttables

I am trying to align an equals sign between two sets of cells. The first table here doesn't want to align, whilst the second table does. Is there a more elegant way of doing this? 

\documentclass{article}
\begin{document}
\begin{table}
\centering              
\begin{tabular}{c c c c}
\hline
1 & 167 & 1 & 144 \\               
2 & 194 & 2 & 167 \\                
\multicolumn{2}{r}{Chi-square = .19} & \multicolumn{2}{r}{Chi-square = 5.74} \\
\multicolumn{2}{r}{\emph{p} = .999} & \multicolumn{2}{r}{\emph{p} = .332} \\
\hline                              
\end{tabular}
\end{table} 
\end{document}

This one is aligned:

\documentclass{article}
\begin{document}
\begin{table}
\centering
\begin{tabular}{c c c c}
\hline                              
1 & 160 & 1 & 160 \\              
2 & 160 & 2 & 179 \\                 
\multicolumn{2}{r}{Chi-square=2.73}&\multicolumn{2}{r}{Chi-square=5.28} \\
\multicolumn{2}{r}{ p=.741}&\multicolumn{2}{r}{ p=.383} \\
\hline                              
\end{tabular}
\end{table} 
\end{document}

Best Answer

The following code seems to align at equal signs:

\begin{tabular}{c c c c}
\hline
1 & 167 & 1 & 144 \\               
2 & 194 & 2 & 167 \\                
\multicolumn{2}{c}{
  \begin{tabular}{r@{=}l}
     Chi-square & .19\\
       \emph{p} & .999
  \end{tabular}
} & 
\multicolumn{2}{c}{
  \begin{tabular}{r@{=}l}
    Chi-square & 5.74 \\
       \emph{p} & .332
  \end{tabular}
}\\
\hline                              
\end{tabular}

alt text

Explanation: Since the alignment was supposed to be different in the lower part than in the upper part, I added two extra tabular's nested inside \multicolumns. These two tabulars use the column definition r@{=}l, which means that there are two columns, aligned right and left and between them I want an equal sign (and no padding). Since the equal sign is the separator between the columns, it will be aligned by definition. The typical use that one sees in examples that use the @{} column separator is @{.} for aligning numbers by their decimal point.

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