[Tex/LaTex] Adjusting space between array rows and columns

arrayslyxspacing

Output

\documentclass[english]{article}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage[latin9]{inputenc}
\usepackage{babel}
\begin{document}
% ...
\[
\begin{array}{ccccc}
x(1) & = & \frac{x(0)}{1} & = & x(0)\\
x(2) & = & \frac{x(1)}{2} & = & \frac{x(0)}{2}\\
x(3) & = & \frac{x(2)}{3} & = & \frac{x(0)}{2.3}\\
x(4) & = & \frac{x(3)}{4} & = & \frac{x(0)}{4!}\\
 &  &  &  & \vdots\\
x(n) & = & \frac{x(n-1)}{n} & = & \frac{x(0)}{n!}
\end{array}
\]
% ...
\end{document}

Because of the fractions in the array cells, array elements are vertically too close to each other, they are literally touching to each other. Also the horizontal spacing is too much as you see in the image (screen shot from the output PDF file).

How do I make these cell-spacings look better?

Best Answer

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\begin{document}
% ...
\[\arraycolsep=1.4pt\def\arraystretch{2.2}
\begin{array}{ccccc}
x(1) & = & \dfrac{x(0)}{1} & = & x(0)\\
x(2) & = & \dfrac{x(1)}{2} & = & \dfrac{x(0)}{2}\\
x(3) & = & \dfrac{x(2)}{3} & = & \dfrac{x(0)}{2.3}\\
x(4) & = & \dfrac{x(3)}{4} & = & \dfrac{x(0)}{4!}\\
 &  &  &  & \vdots\\
x(n) & = & \dfrac{x(n-1)}{n!} & = & \dfrac{x(0)}{n!}
\end{array}
\]
% ...
\end{document}

enter image description here

or for a left aligned:

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\begin{document}
% ...
\[\arraycolsep=1.4pt\def\arraystretch{2.2}
\begin{array}{rll}
x(1) &= \dfrac{x(0)}{1} &= x(0)\\
x(2) &= \dfrac{x(1)}{2} &= \dfrac{x(0)}{2}\\
x(3) &= \dfrac{x(2)}{3} &= \dfrac{x(0)}{2.3}\\
x(4) &= \dfrac{x(3)}{4} &= \dfrac{x(0)}{4!}\\
     &                  & \vdots\\
x(n) &= \dfrac{x(n-1)}{n!} &= \dfrac{x(0)}{n!}
\end{array}
\]
% ...
\end{document}

enter image description here

Related Solutions

[Tex/LaTex] Distance between array rows

The array (and tabular) environment sets struts in rows. The size of the struts can be reduced by using smaller values than 1 or \arraystretch:

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\begin{document}
\begin{equation}
\left\{
\renewcommand*{\arraystretch}{.5}
\begin{array}{lll}
C(\tau_{k,i})=0.5Q_e\ddot{q}_t^T\ddot{q}_t + 0.5R_e \theta^T \theta
& \text{when} &
t\neq t_v\\
\\
C(\tau_{k,i})=0.5Q_e\ddot{q}_t^T\ddot{q}_t + 0.5R_e \theta^T \theta +
P_{\text{viapoint}} & \text{when} & t=t_v\\
\\
\quad\quad P_{\text{viapoint}}
=10^{10}(q_{t}-q_{\text{viapoint}})^T(q_{t}-q_{\text{viapoint}})
\end{array}\right.
\end{equation}
\end{document}

You can also take a look at AmSLaTeX (package amsmath) that provides many environments for aligned/non-aligned equations and cases structures.

[Tex/LaTex] cases and spacing between array rows

array increases the line spacing in a construct such as \\[2em] by adding 2em to its standard strut depth. However, your construction produces something that is deeper than the standard strut already, so the adjustment is not as much as you thought you requested. As you are using dcases which is in mathtools you could, or even should, use an align* environment instead, and that will space correctly.

Sample output

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage{mathtools}

\begin{document}

\verb+array+ example with large depth on lines has a problem:
\[
\begin{array}{l}
  f(x) = \vrule height 2em depth 2em \\[2em]
  g(x) = x \\[2em]
  k(x) = \vrule height 2em depth 2em
\end{array}
\]

The \verb+align*+ version of the original code spaces correctly.

\begin{align*}
  f(x) &=%
  \begin{dcases}
    -1 & x < 0 \\
    1 & x > 0
  \end{dcases} \\[2em]
  g(x) &= x \\[2em]
  k(x) &=%
  \begin{dcases}
    -1 & x < 0 \\
    1 & x > 0
  \end{dcases}
\end{align*}
\end{document}

Best Answer

Related Solutions

[Tex/LaTex] Distance between array rows

[Tex/LaTex] cases and spacing between array rows

Related Question